Innovation is critical in today’s engineering world and it demands technical knowledge and the highest level of creativity. Seeing compact articles that solve design problems or display innovative ways to accomplish design tasks can help to fuel your electronics creativity.
You can find many very circuit ideas at ePanorama.net circuits page.
In addition to this links to interesting electronics design related articles worth to check out can be posted to the comments section.
1,815 Comments
Tomi Engdahl says:
Don’t Rule Out the Neon Bulb as an AC Power-On Indicator
https://www.digikey.com/en/blog/dont-rule-out-the-neon-bulb-as-an-ac-power-on-indicator
The reality is that adding an “AC live” subcircuit using LEDs is not as easy in practice as it may appear “on paper.”
Go back to the future with neon lamps
Fortunately, there is a time-tested and highly reliable solution: use a small neon bulb and a current-limiting resistor (Figure 3) which can be connected directly to the AC line (120 or 240 volts AC (VAC)). While this circuit must also be properly insulated, it’s so simple and small that it can be covered in heat shrink tubing or similarly insulated.
Neon bulbs – more properly called lamps since that is their function – have been around since the early 1900s and come in a variety of sizes and styles. The most common size in general use for indicators by far is generically known as the NE-2 lamp. A good example is the Interlight 4PAK:WX-EGA2-0. It measures 12 millimeters (mm) long and 5 mm in diameter (Figure 4).
Tomi Engdahl says:
There are many cases where an old technology can still be a legitimate or even the best solution to modern design challenges. While LED indicators have largely obsoleted neon for low-voltage solutions, neon lamps are still a very simple and viable option for AC-line indication.
Tomi says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/tekniset-artikkelit/15725-piikarbidi-vaatii-paljon-ohjaukselta
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://article.murata.com/en-us/article/basics-of-noise-countermeasures-lesson-12?fbclid=IwAR0JSG2skAFnM0Z5PzMbCvLFdqgJz8G7yLvMTvV1tm1eCpSVt0edd7En1OM
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.gadgetronicx.com/bfo-metal-detector/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://philipmcgaw.com/capacitors/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.macrofab.com/blog/improve-heat-dissipation-compact-pcba-designs/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.edn.com/power-an-led-driver-using-off-the-shelf-components/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://bluemoonshine.fun/Project-AudioSpectrumAnalyzer.php?fbclid=IwAR3nqAtVBj9Er2F-btJMFnI4IE7t9hHml6RypqKxljO0wnslV5UyYZMX4ww
Tomi Engdahl says:
RF Current Measurements Made Easy: An Oscilloscope Current Probe for RF
https://www.elektormagazine.com/articles/oscilloscope-current-probe-for-rf-1?fbclid=IwAR0rjLS9n7hGXM5ee3RSHHyotX50P4NlSzQpRmybueYwXJ1dRJwopmKLU2c
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.cui.com/blog/insulation-isolation-and-working-voltage
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.io/project/194774-opamp-building-blocks
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2024/02/23/op-amp-drag-race-turns-out-poorly-for-741/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2024/03/12/design-review-dpi-lvds-sony-vaio-lcd-devboard/
Tomi Engdahl says:
What are the applications of bipolar transistors (bipolar junction transistors: BJTs) ?
https://toshiba.semicon-storage.com/eu/semiconductor/knowledge/faq/mosfet_bipoler-transistors/what-is-the-function-of-bjts.html
In recent years, MOSFETs have been used more often than bipolar-junction transistors (BJTs). This is because MOSFETs generally require no drive current and are easy to handle. However, BJTs are used in amplifiers, oscillators, switching at low voltages, etc.
This is because the BJT has higher gain (hFE)*, better linearity, better 1/f noise, and can be turned on by applying a voltage of about 0.7 V between the base and emitter. In addition, BJTs are sometimes used in environments with large disturbances due to their high resistance to static electricity (ESD).
An example circuit using BJTs is shown below.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/48462/optocoupler-with-phototransistor-base-lead
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://spectrum.ieee.org/frequency-comb-for-ultraprecise-timing
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://powersupply.blogs.keysight.com/2015/03/big-resistors-needed-for-high-power.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Comparative Study of Permanent Magnet, Conventional, and Advanced Induction Machines for Traction Applications
https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/13/8/137?utm_campaign=journnews_ccbj_wevj&utm_medium=social_journ&utm_source=facebook&fbclid=IwAR2FP28Zrlig0SfsFgdRJ1lgj2YoW1Yy-Zl6SufEJeMBkp9ViKaglLoJFiU
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/tekniset-artikkelit/16013-taemaen-takia-siirrymme-integroituihin-virta-antureihin
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/475489/bi-directional-level-shifter-1-8-5-v-3-3-v
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/617004/unidirectional-level-shifter-1-8-5v-3-3v
Tomi Engdahl says:
Server power to Universal power supply
https://m.youtube.com/watch?si=pF4uOOdAs3RDCLWO&fbclid=IwAR238wDAfa92lPIxt36XP2nSzF79eRTXFwq4qW3LpXi72_HoSTdHVg5BFHw&v=V4-azirqbco&feature=youtu.be
Tomi Engdahl says:
#1818 Current Source from HP34401 Explained
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgF7NkjIkUQ
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://resources.altium.com/p/how-use-class-x-and-class-y-safety-capacitors?fbclid=IwAR1Z-JW05ZzBfJqiFNYsylBolYvoXU_Su2X0oRXCnp9aupFArOYqShawo3c
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.petervis.com/Education/741_Pin_Compatible_Equivalent_Op_Amps/741_Pin_Compatible_Equivalent_Op_Amps.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://avdweb.nl/tech-tips/electronics/four-quadrants-mosfet-graph
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://kritiikkiblogi.wordpress.com/business/alkaliparistolaturi/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.arrow.com/en/research-and-events/articles/using-a-level-shifter-to-integrate-different-voltage-signals
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/12009
https://www.digikey.fi/en/blog/logic-level-shifting-basics
https://www.instructables.com/A-Quick-Guide-on-Logic-Level-Shifting/#amp_tf=L%C3%A4hde%3A%20%251%24s&aoh=17144273892382&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&share=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.instructables.com%2FA-Quick-Guide-on-Logic-Level-Shifting%2F
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://philipmcgaw.com/reducing-ripple-on-dc-lines/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.4pcb.com/blog/navigating-the-ever-changing-world-of-pcb-manufacturing-what-designers-and-engineers-need-to-know/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Ilmainen oppikirja EMC-suunnittelusta https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-14186-7?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR1v0kgAgwONkCEuP31pjM3GNwcA0MiunR8H7iauxndYKlaRmlvbccynfDw_aem_Af6Jw2u-ZA8gLJR-ghAYRFWTnBdSVeVwEILLEGKC1HbrNFzfZmnUOtMfPQ2T_pk2gPpXtaQ1P87-B5tmCHMejf5j
Tomi Engdahl says:
#1855 BSS138 Logic Level Translation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvf990VPiRg
Tomi Engdahl says:
6 Simple Class A Amplifier Circuits Explained
https://www.homemade-circuits.com/single-mosfet-class-power-amplifier/
Tomi Engdahl says:
HOW TO BUILD A SAWTOOTH AND TRIANGLE WAVE GENERATOR
https://www.circuitbasics.com/what-are-sawtooth-and-triangle-wave-generators/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.talkingelectronics.com/projects/Transistor%20Tester/TransistorTester.html
https://www.circuits-diy.com/simple-transistor-tester-circuit/#google_vignette
Tomi Engdahl says:
All good and well, but alot of these are actually designed to be press fitted and not soldered after
“According to the IEC1709 norm, press-fit connections are at least 10 times more reliable than soldered connections,” claims Glenn Nausley, president of Promess Inc. “By using press-fit instead of solder, manufacturers eliminate thermal stress on the board, heat development on sensitive components, cold solder joints and shorts caused by solder bridging.”
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2024/05/15/introduction-to-mosfet-switching-losses/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/tekniset-artikkelit/16240-optisesta-analyysistae-kattavaan-aistimiseen
Tomi Engdahl says:
For those interested in learning more about electronics, there’s a book available in PDF form online, titled “The Art of Electronics” by Horowitz and Hill. Older versions may be available at little or no cost, but the material is still good.
It’s a great source of ideas and discussions about the theory behind each circuit.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2024/06/10/switching-regulator-layout-for-dummies/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://blog.adafruit.com/2024/06/07/a-nanoammeter/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.elektormagazine.com/news/circuit-diy-wideband-rf-signal-tracer
Tomi Engdahl says:
Zener diodes as protection clippers
https://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/zener-diodes-as-protection-clippers.257504/
Someone recently asked how much distortion might be introduced by using a couple of zeners as voltage limiting elements at the output of a preamp. Since this isn’t something that can be guessed at from an armchair, everyone went very quiet. I was interested to know the answer, so I did a few measurements using some ordinary 10V and 16V zeners. There’s nothing special about the zeners (BZX79Cxx). I just chose them because I had them to hand, and they seemed like suitable values that might be used to protect downstream solid-state equipment.
Here you can see distortion versus level at 1kHz (measurement bandwidth <10Hz-80kHz, 100k load resistance). The rise below 1Vrms is purely noise added by the series resistor. Above this distortion rises, but is lower than most valve distortion up until the clipping point. I was actually surprised at how well the clipping point is defined.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.macrofab.com/blog/why-pcba-design-reuse-is-becoming-more-common/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2024/07/03/usb-and-the-myth-of-500-milliamps/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2024/07/02/usb-pd-on-ch32v003-teaches-you-everything/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.edn.com/sneak-diodes-and-their-impact-on-your-designs/#google_vignette
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.edn.com/use-a-heated-diode-as-a-flow-sensor/
This Design Idea describes a method by which you can detect and assess air or liquid fluid flow using an externally heated semiconductor diode. Airflow across the heated diode reduces its temperature, causing a variation in the diode’s voltage drop. This principle is similar to that used in hot-wire anemometers.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Overcoming Common Pitfalls in High-Frequency PCB Design
https://www.advancedpcb.com/en-us/blog/overcoming-common-pitfalls-in-high-frequency-pcb-design/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2024/08/23/a-simple-guide-to-rf-pcb-design/