An introduction to Linux’s EXT4 filesystem | Opensource.com
https://opensource.com/article/17/5/introduction-ext4-filesystem?sc_cid=7016000000127ECAAY The EXT4 filesystem primarily improves performance, reliability, and capacity. To improve reliability, metadata and journal checksums were added. To meet various mission-critical requirements, the filesystem timestamps were improved with the addition of intervals down to nanoseconds. The addition of two high-order bits in the timestamp field defers the Year 2038 problem until 2446—for EXT4 filesystems, at least. →