Differential amplifier approach uses an operational Amplifier. Operational Amplifiers only amplify the difference between the two input lines. This method eliminates common mode noise between the incoming signals by making A-B=C, as only the difference between A & B are amplified. Operational amplifiers is maintain wide bandwidth signals throughout your system while eliminating ground loop problems that are caused by power and video. Differential video amplifier inputs are used in some video equipments (typically some video projectors) and video distribution amplifiers to fight against ground loop problems.
Differential video amplifiers have a limitation on their input voltage range which gives some limitations how much common mode signal those circuits can tolerate. If the ground potential difference is more than few volts, then operational amplifier based isolators don’t work effectively. Too high voltage difference can cause problems from very distorted video signal to damaged differential video amplifier. If the voltage difference is a substantial proportion of the DC supply voltage of the amplifier, you will probably have trouble using an amplifier alone.
It is a good idea to measure the voltage difference before using differential video amplifiers to be sure not to damage them. Measuring can be done using a multi-meter (check using both AC and DC ranges) or better using a scope earthed to the mains supply, and put the probe on the earth connection of the incoming video cable. If you many potential difference which are many volts, then you have quite probably something wrong in the grounding of the building and you should consult a qualified electrician to check and correct this potentially a dangerous problem
Image source: http://www.edn.com/archives/1997/050897/10di_06.htm#Figure%201
Look also: http://pdf1.alldatasheet.co.kr/datasheet-pdf/view/136144/MAXIM/MAX9546.html
20 Comments
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good article… uses an operational Amplifier is a very good method and has a very advantageous function
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Tomi Engdahl says:
Amplifier cancels common-mode voltage
http://www.edn.com/design/analog/4314195/Amplifier-cancels-common-mode-voltage?_mc=NL_EDN_EDT_EDN_designideas_20160216&cid=NL_EDN_EDT_EDN_designideas_20160216&elqTrackId=994e7e84c4e34f02bfe9b6e0709c50a4&elq=1778c7b52b0f4ad695d86c4926d68aa6&elqaid=30825&elqat=1&elqCampaignId=26966
Since the dawn of time—or at least since the dawn of precision electronics—a major headache for analog designers has been CMV (common-mode-voltage)-induced errors, also known as the dreaded ground loop. Although almost mystical is the fear it strikes in the hearts of engineers, there’s nothing particularly mysterious about CMV. CMV errors occur for a simple reason: The common voltage references—that is, ground—of circuitry in different places, such as sensors in one chassis and an ADC in another, are apt to differ. Therefore, when you route signals between remotely located circuits, the CMV differential appears as additive noise and offset, corrupting the desired signals.
Many approaches exist for eliminating CMV errors. These methods include the brute-force approach of using massive amounts of copper in ground interconnections, fully differential instrumentation-amplifier signal conditioners, and galvanic isolators. Each has its place, depending on such factors as the severity of the CMV problem and the number of signal channels needing CMV remediation. One of the most popular and effective CMV remedies is differential amplification,
The downside of this method is that it requires a dedicated amplifier for every signal channel. The circuit in Figure 1 is a variation on that same differential-amplifier idea, but it combines two shared CMV amplifiers with simple passive-resistor pairs among eight multiplexed channels to provide CMV cancellation for a large number of analog channels at minimum component count.
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Tomi Engdahl says:
A Differential Probe Guide – How & Why To Use One With Your Oscilloscope
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OZDijMDHmtI
Your primer on the how & why of differential signals and probes
Tomi Engdahl says:
EEVblog #932 – How Does A HV Differential Probe Work?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOlgaEK2Hsk
How does a high voltage differential probe work?
How is it safe?
Is it isolated?
A teardown and some reverse engineering of the Lecroy AP031 25MHz HV Differential probe. a.k.a Sapphire Instruments SI-9001
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