Yesterday I passed SFS6002 electrical safety course and got SFS 6002 käytännössä book. SFS 6002 electrical safety training is for all electrical work in Finland engaged in compulsory education, which must be renewed every five years. Now I know somewhat more than before on electrical safety related to electrical installations.
SFS6002 is a Finnish standard how electrical work should be performed safely. It is based on European general standard EN 50110-1 (Operation of electrical installations – Part 1: General requirements) plus Finnish national additions to it.
If you want to get your hands on the original European EN 50110-1 standard, you need to buy it. There are also free information on standard available: British edition of the standard BS EN 50110-1:2004 can be found on-line.
760 Comments
Tomi Engdahl says:
Alexa tells 10-year-old girl to touch live plug with penny
https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-59810383
Tomi Engdahl says:
Very dangerous heater idea
https://youtu.be/a-C7AAvSslk
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4hk%C3%B6johto
Tomi Engdahl says:
JOHDON MITOITUS JA
SUOJAUS
https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/91053/Hietala_Niko.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
Tomi Engdahl says:
How not to make electric guitar
https://youtu.be/TwIvUbOhcKE
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://community.fs.com/blog/necessity-and-standards-of-electrical-wiring-color-codes.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Fixing Wire Damage Has Never Been Easier – Underground Repairs Made Simple
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4xopIgWVcPM
Wire damage can be one of the most difficult repairs you can have when dealing with an underground wire until NOW. See the easiest way to repair underground wire damage, CHEAP & EASY if you know the trick for perfect results. Forget Wire nuts, Wagos & Electric Tape.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2022/01/motor-generator-set.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Tukes aloittaa onnettomuustutkinnan Lieksan joulukuisesta sähkövahingosta – kolme rakennusta syttyi tuleen tykkylumen katkaistua keskijännitejohdon
https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12295128
Kaksi rakennusta tuhoutui ja yksi vaurioitui surkeiden sattumusten sarjassa, jossa keskijännitejohto katkesi ja jäi kiinni pienjänniteilmajohtoon, vikasuojaus petti ja keskijännite pääsi siirtymään rakennusten sähköpääkeskuksiin.
https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12238975
Tomi Engdahl says:
Should We Use WAGOS or WIRENUTS?!?!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=783mxTnrVVg
In the latest segment of Electrician U, Dustin answers the question- Should we be using Wire Nuts or Wago’s out in the field to splice our wires? While the answer in your head should seem easy enough, there are several things to consider when choosing your wire splicing materials.
Viewer comments:
I use a mix of both. Wago’s for Lighting and Wirenuts for outlets. I find lever wago extremely useful for changing out ballast or CFL ballast in small compact areas.
For the rare time I need to splice 4 solid conductors together, Wago all day. 3 or less solid conductors I’m indifferent. Wago all the time on 10AWG or smaller stranded & solid to stranded.
Wago’s excel in several areas. 1- Connections that will need to be remade. I do all light fixtures with Wago’s since designs change and people want new styles of fixtures. 2- Installed smart technology devices like smart switches and fixtures. 3- Mixing stranded and solid wire. Makes a more sure connection. 4- Hot work. You can quickly put a Wago on the hot conductor to prevent accidental contact and it never needs to be exposed again to finish the work. 5- Wires that are too short to make solid twist connections.
I recently discovered the Wago Lever Nuts and am so glad I did. Especially for two problematic applications: 1) Wires cut too short in small boxes and tight places and 2) Connecting solid and stranded, like for light fixtures. For me trying to twist solid and thin stranded has always turned to a miserable mess. And light fixtures are almost certain to be swapped out as styles change.
15 years in the trade, once i went wagos with lever nuts ive never looked back.
They are just superior in every aspect (exept the cost, wich is saved in time anyway)
In Germany where I come from everyone is using Wagos, there aren’t any wirenuts. Love Wagos for the ease of use. Also I think the levered ones are better to connect solids with stranded than doing that with wirenuts.
Some argue that the might not provide the same conductivity. In fact it doesn’t really matter….
However here I use wirenuts since they are more common
in the UK Wagos are becoming more and more popular, although some people still prefer to use chocblock screw terminals and you can sometimes find the odd wirenut around it is usually the cause of a fault within a circuit. Personally i have been using Wagos for at least 30yrs now and if I’m building a control panel its Topjob S terminals all the way.
Recently started using Wago instead of soldering for certain small projects to make change outs easier, wagos and similar connectors are definitely helpful.
Honestly I’m surprised that the trademark for “wire nut” is still valid, since even people well outside of the electrician field of work know what a wire nut is, but don’t differentiate branding. Definitely a good candidate for a genericized trademark.
I had the same problem while implementing a modular hotel project for CitizenM in Seattle. In our country in Europe, Wago is the basic connector and the surprise was great when at the beginning the general contractor prohibited the use of these connectors. Ultimately, we used wire nut for socket circuits, i.e. 12/2 MC, and Wago was allowed to use for 24VDC only. It was about 4 years ago. In 2020, also for the CitizenM project in WDC , there was no such problem anymore and we used Wago everywhere. Greetings from Poland
I’ve always called the Twist On Wire Connecting Devices made by 3M, the ones with a the wings as 3M Scotch Locks. That’s what we were taught in Trade School and the hard screw on Plastic ones were called Wire Nuts. I use 3M or Ideal Wing Tip Scotch Locks, some with the little rubber skirts and some without . Also use Wagos, Wire Nuts and the Push In type of Wire Connectors. I’m a Journeyman Electrician with over 55 years in the trade ! I even used the small crimp on copper barrel sleeves then wrapped with rubber tape and friction tape, the way they use to do wire connections BEFORE Wire Connectors were even on the market ! And I have even done Soldered Joint Connections then applied rubberized wrapping followed by friction tape wrapping !
WAGO’s are fine to use. I imagine the old timers who used solder, rubber tape, and friction tape to splice with freaked out when “wire nuts” first came on the scene. In the 70′s I was working in a house that was old then. The splices were made with porcelain wire nuts, I still have a few that I replaced with “modern” bakelite wire nuts. There will always be some new tool or material that comes out. This stuff is tested before it’s released for use.
Tomi Engdahl says:
STOP Connecting Stranded Wire Like an Animal – Do it LIKE A PRO!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u9jJqSGMB5g
Learn how to create PERFECT electrical connections instantly with NO SOLDERING – Connecting stranded wire can be a nightmare & look terrible. EASY to do anywhere once you see this simple pro trick for perfect connections every time. Your wiring will look amazing too when you learn how to use Ferrules aka known as Bootlace Connectors.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Worst Electrical Mistake You Can Make – Backfeeding Generators
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kjpS1vfGio
Companies selling these cords should be stopped. Is backfeeding safe? Is backfeeding legal? How can you safely connect a generator to your house.
Tomi Engdahl says:
What Wire Connector is the Best? Settling a Debate! Wire Nut VS Wago
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgjo36-jaFY
In this video we will be having a closer look at wire nuts and wago connectors. Both are used for electrical house wiring and both come with their own advantages & disadvantages. I will present you their most important ones by doing a couple of different tests and at the end you will know what connector you will use in the future
Let’s get started!
0:00 Wire Nut VS Wago Overview
0:59 Intro
1:57 Comparison Criteria
2:58 Ease of use
5:27 Possible Problems
6:19 Fast to use?
6:54 Reusability
7:23 Size
7:44 Price
8:01 Pull Test
8:46 Resistance Test (Heat)
10:05 Flammable?
10:22 Verdict
Tomi Engdahl says:
Sähköiskun vaara: Onko sinulla tämä yleismittari? https://www.is.fi/digitoday/art-2000008617978.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
The way hard Russian electricians have fun
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=3ugxq0FMjoQ
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.theregister.com/2006/07/28/the_odd_body_death_by_battery/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Viime vuonna myynnistä poistettiin 72 vaarallista sähkölaitetta
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/13213-viime-vuonna-myynnistae-poistettiin-72-vaarallista-saehkoelaitetta
Turvallisuus- ja kemikaalivirasto Tukes määräsi viime vuonna yrityksiä poistamaan markkinoilta yli 70 vaarallista sähkölaitetta. Markkinoilta poistetuissa tuotteissa oli joko sähköiskun tai palonvaara. Eniten turvallisuuspuutteita oli latureissa, muuntajissa ja erilaisissa led-valaisimissa.
Sähkölaitteiden valvonta painottui entistä enemmän verkkokauppaan, josta myös kuluttajat ostavat usein tuotteita. Valvonta toimii niin, että tutkitaan netin kauppapaikkojen tarjontaa tai etsitään ja hankitaan tuotteita Tukesiin tulleiden ilmoitusten perusteella. Suurin osa valvontakäynneistä tehtiin kuitenkin edelleen kivijalkakauppoihin. Valvontakäyntien määrä lisääntyi edellisvuodesta ja oli yli 1800, kun se vuonna 2020 oli 1220.
Tukes testautti viime vuonna yhteensä 364 sähkölaitetta, ja testausten perusteella 72 sähkölaitetta poistettiin markkinoilta. Maahantuojat velvoitettiin keräämään näistä vakavimmin vaaralliset 26 laitetta takaisin käyttäjiltä. Vuotta aiemmin testausten määrä oli 346, markkinoilta poistettiin 90 laitetta ja näistä takaisinvetoja oli 19.
Eniten vaarallisia ja puutteellisia sähkölaitteita löytyy samoista tuoteryhmistä vuodesta toiseen. Suurimpina ryhminä ovat jatkuvasti led-valaisimet sekä erilaiset laturit ja muuntajat. Vaaralliseksi osoittautuneita sähkölaitteita löytyi myös esimerkiksi lihashuoltovasaroista ja uppopumpuista.
- Valvonnan kohdentaminen riskiperusteisesti on ollut tehokasta. Viime vuonna testatuista sähkölaitteista noin 25 prosenttia osoittautui siinä määrin vaarallisiksi tai puutteelliseksi, että niiden myyntiä jouduttiin rajoittamaan erilaisilla kieltopäätöksillä. Lievemmin puutteellisista tuotteista annetaan vastuuyrityksille huomautuksia, joissa yrityksiä pyydetään korjaaman testeissä löydetyt puutteet viimeistään seuraavissa tuotantoerissä, Niemi jatkaa.
Tomi Engdahl says:
What Does Available Fault Current Mean?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7-zkAo1EtIM
What does the term Available Fault Current mean? It’s not a term we hear terribly frequently in the industry unless you are having to mark the panel you are installing, or you hear about it while studying for an exam. It is not as baffling or confusing as it may sound! In this episode of Electrician U, Dustin talks about what the term stands for and how it is used.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://robrobinette.com/Death_Cap_and_Ground_Switch.htm
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.viper-clip.com/
ViperClip is a patented, fully insulated cable staple which works with our specially designed, battery powered stapler to secure cables to wooden joists and structures.
It is the first product to market by Grays Clip Limited.
No more hammering needed, simply load our strip of 20 clips into the stapler and press the button. Quick, easy and safe! Suitable for use on both 110v and 240v cables.
Like our clips, our stapler has been designed by an electrician for an electrician.
At least 5 times faster than using a cable clip with a hammer and nail. Strips of staples store easily in your pocket for quick reload of the gun.
Now the 3-handed operation can be done with 2! Simply hold the cable with one hand and fire the staple gun with the other. Easy!
Electrician Overwhelmed by Epic Bidding War Over Game-Changing Staples | Dragons’ Den
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBTe-BtwhpM
Former electrician turned entrepreneur Davy Grey and his wife/business partner Julie pitch their revolutionary plastic cable staple gun. Julie and Davy were looking for an £80k investment in return for a 15% stake of their business, ViperClip. The money from the investment would go towards tooling for molds, staples, developing their prototype, and their patent application, which they have filed internationally.
Tomi Engdahl says:
This is a potentially very dangerous circuit idea for LED backlight testing.
It looks this circuit is not properly isolated from mains voltage.
There are commercial LED backlight testers that do similar tester but hopefully are built more safely:
add this electronic circuit to your multimeter and get an amazing option
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJkx8HRmCTQ
Hello Geniuses in this video i’m gonna show you how you can test the zener diode , and lcd – tv led backlight using old bulb
Led Tv Back Light Tester Led Tester Tool Tv Led Backlight Tester , You Can Make At Home its very Simple
Viewer comments:
Keep in mind that these LED lamp drivers are not galvanically isolated. It’s just a rectifier with a switch mode DC to DC constant current regulator. You can get an electric shock out of that because all that stands between you and the live wire could be just a diode (depending on how you connect this to the mains).
The design variability in loading devices makes this extremely dangerous, never mind that the short-circuit output current is around 5 mA. Unbelievable that the video does not post any warnings.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Earth leakage
By: Michael Peace CEng MIET
How much is too much?
https://electrical.theiet.org/wiring-matters/years/2021/85-may-2021/back-to-the-forum-earth-leakage/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Scott-T Connection of Transformer
https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2022/03/scott-t-connection-transformer.html
Scot Connection
Scott connection is a type of connection of transformer that used to get two-phase power supply from three-phase source or vice-versa. The Scott connection is also known as Scott-T Transformer. This method of transformer connection was invented by Charles F. Scott. So, after his name, this method is widely known as the Scott connection.
https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2022/03/scott-t-connection-transformer.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Understanding pacemaker interference
By Dr Tony Maisey and Anne Silk on the 22 February 2012
How interference from mobile devices can affect pacemakers. By Dr Tony Maisey and Anne Silk
https://www.gponline.com/understanding-pacemaker-interference/cardiovascular-system/article/1117257
There are more than 240,000 people in the UK and more than 3m worldwide who have been fitted with pacemakers for diagnosed cardiac problems.
Many have been in situ for several years and cause no problems at all, provided medical aftercare checks are maintained. Pacemakers restore quality of life to countless people of all age groups.
As technology moves so rapidly, it is not surprising to find unexpected problems and risks emerging. With the rapidly ageing population, more pacemakers will be fitted, so it is timely to draw attention to these caveats.
Electromagnetic interference
Depending on the type of implant, interference effects can occur from mobile communication devices if the device is held too close to the chest, for example, if it is carried in the left breast pocket over the pacemaker
Devices that May Interfere with ICDs and Pacemakers
https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/prevention–treatment-of-arrhythmia/devices-that-may-interfere-with-icds-and-pacemakers
Several types of devices and machinery may interfere with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and pacemakers.
The electromagnetic waves generated by such devices can keep your ICD or pacemaker from functioning properly. Try to avoid them, or at least minimize your exposure to them.
Your doctor can advise you about specific devices and machinery to avoid. But, in general, the following can cause interference:
Tomi Engdahl says:
Man OK after pacemaker shock likely caused by State House rally sound system
https://bangordailynews.com/2022/04/11/politics/man-ok-after-pacemaker-shock-likely-caused-by-state-house-rally-sound-system/
AUGUSTA, Maine — A man was taken to a local hospital but in good condition after his pacemaker shocked him at a State House rally on Monday that police said likely happened because of interference from a sound system.
Interference: Its Potential Effect on Pacemaker Systems
http://www.arrl.org/interference
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2019/07/mcb-mccb-elcb-rcb-rcd-rccb-rcbo.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Multimeter probe safe use and safety features
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXibZ0HEwWk
A little chat about Multimeter probe safe use
Excellent safety tutorial.
It is great to see the industry becoming more safety conscious about their equipment and test leads.
Many cheap knock off meters that are highly dangerous and are potential killers.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/embedded-conference-finland/13-news/13213-viime-vuonna-myynnistae-poistettiin-72-vaarallista-saehkoelaitetta
Tomi Engdahl says:
The most deadly project on the Internet
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBeSKL9zVro
There’s a reason I never make videos featuring MOTs (Microwave Oven Transformers). The high voltage, and more importantly – high current, means they are as dangerous as playing with overhead lines.
This does NOT apply to the spot welder projects where the dangerous high voltage secondary is removed completely and replaced with a few turns of heavy wire for low voltage and high current.
Seeing non-technical people playing with open transformers with car jump leads connecting them to wet salty wood outdoors or in a garage is scary, especially when they handle the low-voltage rated cables while the transformer is powered. Even worse when kids are involved.
It’s made a lot worse by the number of people that have been discovered in burning garages because the transformer continued to pump out current after they were dead.
YouTube seems to be applying filtering to new videos involving associated keywords, but still has a lot of legacy videos, some of which are clearly being removed.
TikTok is doing what TikTok does and still pushing out shallow and very dangerous videos that seem to lack all safety information.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Viime vuonna myynnistä poistettiin 72 vaarallista sähkölaitetta
https://etn.fi/index.php/embedded-conference-finland/13-news/13213-viime-vuonna-myynnistae-poistettiin-72-vaarallista-saehkoelaitetta
Turvallisuus- ja kemikaalivirasto Tukes määräsi viime vuonna yrityksiä poistamaan markkinoilta yli 70 vaarallista sähkölaitetta. Markkinoilta poistetuissa tuotteissa oli joko sähköiskun tai palonvaara. Eniten turvallisuuspuutteita oli latureissa, muuntajissa ja erilaisissa led-valaisimissa.
Sähkölaitteiden valvonta painottui entistä enemmän verkkokauppaan, josta myös kuluttajat ostavat usein tuotteita. Valvonta toimii niin, että tutkitaan netin kauppapaikkojen tarjontaa tai etsitään ja hankitaan tuotteita Tukesiin tulleiden ilmoitusten perusteella. Suurin osa valvontakäynneistä tehtiin kuitenkin edelleen kivijalkakauppoihin.
Tukes testautti viime vuonna yhteensä 364 sähkölaitetta, ja testausten perusteella 72 sähkölaitetta poistettiin markkinoilta. Maahantuojat velvoitettiin keräämään näistä vakavimmin vaaralliset 26 laitetta takaisin käyttäjiltä. Vuotta aiemmin testausten määrä oli 346, markkinoilta poistettiin 90 laitetta ja näistä takaisinvetoja oli 19.
Tukesin valvonta kohdistuu riskiperusteisesti epäilyttäviin tuotteisiin tai uusiin tuoteryhmiin ja tuotemerkkeihin. – Hyödynnämme valvonnassa eurooppalaisia markkinavalvontatietokantoja. Te
Tukesiin tulee myös kuluttajilta ilmoituksia vaaralliseksi epäillyistä tuotteista. Viime vuonna niitä tuli 773 kappaletta, tosin kaikki eivät koskeneet juuri sähkölaitteita. Ilmoituksen voi tehdä Tukesin verkkosivulla olevalla lomakkeella.
Kuluttajat ostavat entistä enemmän sähkölaitteita Suomen ja EU:n ulkopuolella sijaitsevista verkkokaupoista. Näihin verkkokauppoihin ei suomalaisten tai eurooppalaisten viranomaisten toimivalta ulotu. – EU:n ulkopuolelta tuotteita ostava kuluttaja joutuu itse vastaamaan seurauksista, jos tuote osoittautuu vaaralliseksi tai aiheuttaa vahinkoa, Niemi varoittaa.
Tukesin kyselytutkimuksissa on käynyt ilmi, että suuri osa kansalaisista luulee viranomaisten tarkastavan kaikki tuotteet ennen kuin ne tuodaan markkinoille. Sähkölaitteiden pakollinen ennakkotarkastus päättyi kuitenkin jo yli 25 vuotta sitten EU:n myötä.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Löytyykö sinunkin kaapistasi zombiparisto? Aiheuttaa palovaaran
Unohdettu paristo tai akku voi herätä henkiin zombina.
https://www.iltalehti.fi/digiuutiset/a/fd416b39-a4f0-4f19-be54-4ef4e7f45eab
Paristokierrätys kertoo tiedotteessaan, että viime vuonna suomalaiset veivät kierrätykseen ennätykselliset kaksi miljoonaa kiloa akkuja ja paristoja. Tästä huolimatta akkuja ja paristoja päätyy sekajätteeseen tai niitä jää pyörimään kotien nurkkiin, jolloin ne voivat aiheuttaa palovaaran.
– Zombiakkujen aiheuttamat tulipalot ovat tavallisesti lisääntyneet kesää kohti, kun kaappeja tyhjennetään kevätsiivouksissa ja akkuja käsitellään huolimattomasti tai niitä heitetään esimerkiksi sekajätteeseen. Paristot ja akut ehdottomasti kannattaakin siivota nurkista, mutta on tärkeää viedä ne niille tarkoitettuun keräykseen, kertoo Liisa-Marie Stenbäck Paristokierrätyksestä tiedotteessa.
Vaaratilanne syntyy tavallisesti kotona, kun akut tai paristot säilytetään esimerkiksi laatikostoissa teippaamatta niiden virtanapoja. Toinen tyypillinen pariston tai akun aiheuttama tulipalo syntyy käsittelylaitoksella silloin, kun paristot ja akut on heitetty väärän jätteen sekaan, jolloin ne päätyvät murskaimeen.
Paristokierrätyksen mukaan kartongin- ja pahvinkäsittelylaitoksilla paristojen ja akkujen aiheuttamia läheltä piti -tilanteita on sattunut alkuvuoden aikana jopa viikoittain.
https://kierratys.info/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Inside a defrost thermostat and thermal fuse
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GQbFz_SYlI
Quite an interesting and cost-engineered construction.
The thermal fuse turns out to have a sliding contact that is held in place against a contact in the ceramic cap by the short and more powerful spring that is also pressing against a compound that melts at a specific temperature. When it does melt, the spring is pushed down into the melted compound (which may have been the powder by the time I’d squashed it), and the weaker spring then pushes the sliding contact down away from the ceramic cap’s contact and breaks the circuit.
The tough plastic sleeve with the end crimped around the wires is a very clever way of making a sealed package for use in a wet environment. A fascinating bit of cost-engineering.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Tarkka testeri löytää muuntajien tehohäviöt
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/13595-tarkka-testeri-loeytaeae-muuntajien-tehohaevioet
Yogokawa on esitellyt WT5000 Precision Power Analyzer -sarjaan uuden Transformer-version, joka on suunniteltu auttamaan muuntajien valmistajia kehittämään ja validoimaan sähköteollisuuden asiakkaille tarkoitettujen erittäin tehokkaiden tuotteiden häviöt. Muuntajat ovat ratkaisevassa asemassa sähköverkossa, joten niiden hyötysuhteen parantaminen on ensiarvoisen tärkeää.
Jakeluverkkojen omistajat määräävät muuntajien valmistajille sakkoja kuormittamattomassa testissä mitatun häviötason mukaan. Koska nämä sakot voivat ylittää 13 000 euroa kilowattia kohden ja sisältävät mittausepävarmuuden, muuntajien valmistajien on tärkeää mitata nämä häviöt tarkasti ja mahdollisimman luotettavasti.
WT5000 Precision Power Analyzer -Transformer Version on Yokogawan tarkin tehoanalysaattori, joka tarjoaa 0,008 % tarkkuuden yhtenäisellä tehokertoimella ja parhaan tarkkuuden pienillä tehokertoimilla kaupallisilla 45-66 Hz:n taajuuksilla. Pienet tehokertoimet vaikuttavat dramaattisesti tarkkuuteen. Laite tarjoaa mittaustarkkuuden 0,6 % lukemasta jopa niinkin alhaisella tehokertoimella kuin 0,001 sadan voltin jännitteellä ja yhden ampeerin virrall
https://tmi.yokogawa.com/eu/solutions/products/power-analyzers/wt5000-transformer-version/#Overview
Tomi Engdahl says:
Electronica keskittyy älykkääseen energiaan
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/13597-electronica-keskittyy-aelykkaeaeseen-energiaan
Electronica keskittyy älykkääseen energiaan
Julkaistu: 18.05.2022
Power
Tulevaisuudessa älykkäiden verkkojen on koordinoitava uusiutuvista lähteistä hajautetusti tuotetun sähkön tuotantoa, jakelua ja varastointia. Tämän vuoksi kaikki merkit viittaavat koko energiainfrastruktuurin muutokseen. Tähän muutokseen pureutuu myös Electronica 2022 -essu marraskuussa Münchenissä.
”Älykäs energia” -termillä tarkoitetaan älykkäitä teknologioita ja ratkaisuja, joilla pyritään tehokkaaseen energian tuotantoon, jakeluun, käyttöön ja varastointiin ja jotka kattavat koko energiateollisuuden arvoketjun. IMARC Groupin nykyisen tutkimuksen mukaan älykkään energian globaalien markkinoiden odotetaan kasvavan 9,8 prosentin vuosivauhtia viime vuoden 138,8 miljardista dollarista 247,8 miljardiin dollariin vuoteen 2027 mennessä.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Poistetaan markkinoilta vaarallisena – ostitko tämän laitteen Tokmannilta? https://www.is.fi/digitoday/art-2000008835777.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Authorized Personnel Only – How to Start and Sync a 400,000 Watt Turbine Hydroelectric Generator
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGQxSJmadm0
Tomi Engdahl says:
High Voltage cable under water
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ymEWpip9U7w
Tomi Engdahl says:
Reilu kolmannes suomalaisista käyttää viallisia sähkölaitteita – vaarallista nollavikaa ei tunnisteta
https://www.caruna.fi/ajankohtaista/reilu-kolmannes-suomalaisista-kayttaa-viallisia-sahkolaitteita-vaarallista-nollavikaa
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/you-need-to-see-these-public-safety-electrocution-posters-from-the-early-1900s/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Setting Up and Monitoring Power Distribution for Lighting and Audio with Richard Cadena – Webinar
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWQuOM0x3WU
Freelance lighting professional, author and trainer Richard Cadena explores safely setting up portable power distribution systems, avoiding problems like overloaded circuits, excessive heat, ground loops and induced noise, proper system monitoring and how to prevent electrical accidents.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Power & Electrical Safety On Stage
https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/power-electrical-safety-stage
Staying safe on stage is more than a matter of simply making sure that willing hands are available before taking a dive. Knowing how to properly handle the mains power we all need is also crucial to performance health…
Whatever the size, complexity or cost of your live sound rig, one of the first — if not the first — question on your mind when you get to a venue will usually be “where do I plug it in?” Depending on the venue, the answer can vary from a wall-socket behind a plant pot to a dedicated and professionally-installed supply that is reserved for your exclusive use, fully tested and certificated, and for which (with any luck) you’ll have brought an appropriate connector. Whatever you encounter, you’ll need to know some basic rules. When it comes to portable live-sound systems, this means firstly, using a suitable electrical supply; secondly, using suitable equipment; and, thirdly, connecting and using that equipment safely.
Safety Considerations for Outdoor Stages and PAs
https://safeelectricity.org/member_resource/safety-considerations-for-outdoor-stages-and-pas/
Whether you are helping with a local fundraiser, giving a public speech, or having a concert, users of outdoor stages and PA systems want a successful program. However, to do so takes proper planning to avoid potential hazards. Make sure you don’t let electrical dangers steal the show.
“With the mixture of microphones, amps, lighting, and instruments, a stage can be a hazardous place when it comes to electrical safety,” explains Jim Monk, Safe Electricity Advisory Board member (OR YOUR EXPERT HERE). “Always allow yourself time to set up and check out any potential safety risks that may exist at the venue.”
The best way to ensure a successful event is by taking the proper electrical safety precautions. When you arrive at the venue, make sure to check that all outdoor outlets are equipped with a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). A GFCI monitors the flow of electricity in a circuit. If there is an irregularity, even a small one, the flow of electricity is shut off, preventing an electric shock.
If the venue does not have a GFCI outlet, notify the owner to have an electrician install one. You may want to invest in a portable GFCI in case the outlets are not properly grounded.
Before setting up the stage or equipment, take note of the area by looking up and around. Make sure all equipment remains at least 10 feet away from overhead power lines.
Understand the equipment you are working with. Inspect all cables and cords before every use. Using equipment outdoors and continuously moving from stage to stage can increase the wear and tear on cords. Check for cracked insulation and frayed wires.
Tomi Engdahl says:
What are the 5 main electrical hazards?
Five Electrical Hazards Worth Remembering
Working on live circuits. There are times when working on or around a live circuit is unavoidable, but most of the time, that isn’t the case. …
Skipping lockout/tagout. …
Forgetting PPE. …
Improper grounding. …
Damaged extension cords.
https://safetymanagementgroup.com/five-electrical-hazards-worth-remembering/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Protecting The Stage: How Many More Singers Have To Die?
https://www.motionlabs.com/protecting-stage-many-singers-die/
On November 23, 2014, Augustin Briolini, the lead singer of a band called Krebs, was on stage in Argentina and committed a deadly act: he grabbed a microphone. It was an ordinary mic, except that there was enough voltage, possibly between his guitar strings and the microphone, that the simple act of touching the mic allowed deadly current to flow through his body. Attempts to resuscitate him were unsuccessful and he was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital.
Unfortunately, this is a scenario that is too often repeated. You don’t have to look too hard to find stories and videos online of singers being badly shocked or electrocuted, such as Nolberto Alkalá, Frankie Palmeri of Emmure, or Chad Gilbert of New Found Glory. That’s just in the last two years, and it doesn’t include countless backline techs who have horror stories to tell about their shock experiences.
What if there was a device that could t in the palm of your hand, cost less than a good microphone cable, and was quick and easy to install, that prevents these types of accidents? Would you, as a trained live event professional, use it? before you answer no, please read the rest of this article.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Typical Temporary Power Distribution For Live Entertainment
https://www.motionlabs.com/typical-temporary-power-distribution-for-live-entertainment/
We will be mainly focusing on “temporary” installations in “Theaters, Audience Areas of Motion Picture and TV Studios Performance Areas, and Similar Locations” (NEC Article 520). Keep in mind that there are other articles in the code that may apply, but if your equipment and installation methods conform to the parameters described in Article 520, that’s the code article you should comply with. In cases where Article 520 is moot on any subject or equipment you will be installing, you may have to revert to the “general sections” of the code, described in Chapters 1 through 4, these chapters pertain mostly to permanent installations however.
It is absolutely necessary that you know what the connected load (amps) will be. That’s up to you to figure-out before starting any power distribution system design. We will not be discussing these requirements herein.
For the sake of clarity, we will arbitrarily break-down these temporary (portable) systems into three sizes:
Small: 20 to 50 amps, single phase.
Medium: More than 50 amps, up to 200 amps, single & three phase.
Large: 200 to 400 amps (or more), three phase.
One of the limiting factors, pertaining to system size, is the type of connection method you will use to connect your temporary power distribution system (PD) to “house power”. It can be as simple as a 15 amp Edison plug up to 400 AMP “Cam-Locks” (in some cases multiple Cam-Lock sets).
Small size systems:
The “smallest system” may only consist of a 15A “power strip”, and a couple of extension cords. As simple as it is, it’s very common, and is typical for a three or four-piece band with no stage lighting and a minimal sound system. There is no need to go into any more detail …. Let’s move on to a little larger system:
As previously stated, the connection method to “house power” is the first thing to consider. Small Power Distribution Systems (PD) usually incorporate 30A or 50A plugs on the input. There are various configurations, however, most typical are: (2) Line conductors, (1) Neutral conductor and (1) Grounding conductor.
The common designation is: 125/250V, XXA, 4 wire. The voltage designation is the “maximum” voltage allowed for use with these connectors, although the actual voltage will typically be 120/240V.
Since most (if not all) the connected load will be 120 volts, these arrangements will supply 60 amps @ 120V on a 30-amp connector and 100 amps @ 120V on a 50-amp connector. Another thing to check is whether the receptacle configuration is “Twist-Lock” or “Straight Blade” (provided by the “house”).
The next thing to do, after the determination of the input connector, is to figure-out the quantity and type of receptacles you require for your load equipment and the location, on stage, of these receptacles. The cord coming from the house receptacle is typically connected to a “breakered stringer box”, which breaks-out the 30A or 50A power into several 120V, 20A outlets. Most of the time, these outlets are NEMA 5-20R, but can be “Neutrik Power-Cons”, “Twist-Locks”, “Stage Pin Connectors”, or whatever you require.
These breakered stringer boxes always have an input connector (usually Twist-Lock), and may also have an output connector (feed through), which enables several units to be “daisy-chained”. When converting 30A or 50A to 20A (to feed 20A receptacles) a circuit breaker is required, which is integral in the “Breakered Stringer Box”. Several of these boxes may be fed from separate outputs on the main power distribution unit.
If a reduction in the ampere rating of connected devices is not required, a “Non-Breakered Stringer Box(s)” is all that’s needed. These units may take the form of a single box or several outlet boxes mounted “in-line” on a single cord
Medium Size Systems:
50A to 200A systems can be single phase or three phase. Power distribution equipment can be manufactured to specifically operate on either system. This does not exclude the use of a single phase system on 3-phase, or a 3-phase system on single phase. When this is done, however, it does not use the PD equipment to its full capacity or may not use all the house power that may be available.
There are several types of system components that may be used for medium sized systems. The selection and quantity of these components vary and are dependent on your requirements.
Cam-Lock type, single conductor, separable connectors and cables are the most common type of main feed input connection. Cable sets can be manufactured in any length. Pin & Sleeve connectors are available, but are less common.
Connection to house power may take the form of mating Cam-Lock connectors on a “company switch”, or may be directly hard-wired to a circuit breaker panel or disconnect switch.
Large Size Systems:
These systems are generally 400A, (or more), 3-phase. Larger systems may require multiple 400A units. Output Cam-Lock connectors (feed through) can be provided to allow several PDUs to be daisy chained together. If more than 400A is required, several 400A units may be fed by individual 400A feeder circuits.
There is a vast variety of “sub-main” and “satellite” power units that may be selected to distribute power to different portions of the stage area; these areas may include: center stage band gear, front of house mixers, lighting control consoles, stage lighting & dimmers, chain hoists & controllers, special effects, powered speakers, monitor mix station, amplifier racks, and the like.
Conclusion:
Unfortunately, there is no “one size fits all”. Each job will have different requirements.
Consideration should be given to the “modularity” of your system. You can start small and add equipment as expanding requirements present themselves. As an example, what was your 100A main system, may become a satellite for a new 400A system. Conversely, the 100A “sub-main” portion of your 400A system may become the “main” for a smaller job.
Tomi Engdahl says:
You’ll be Shocked By How Much Torque Changes Electrical Resistance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EB-Zh89nHnk
How tight your make your electrical connections can have a dramatic effect on their resistance. Higher resistance translates into more power dissipating within the connection as electrical current increases.
Manufacturers of electrical equipment often specify a recommended torque value. What happens when you don’t achieve this value or exceeded it.
As part of our eFIXX Talk the Torque series, Dr Robert Weller of Electrical Investigations demonstrates how to measure contact resistance and how it changes within the terminals of a consumer unit main switch.
Video Chapters
00:00 Does connector resistance change with torque?
00:15 How can we measure contact resistance?
01:20 Resistance at 1.0 Nm
1:54 What does that equate to as power dissipated?
2:45 Increasing torque what happens to the resistance?
5:00 What happens when a terminal is over torqued?
5:50 Is tighter better?
6:31 Work hardening of copper conductors
7:20 Resistance increasing over time
7:45 Thermal runaway = fires
8:30 Talk the Torque
LOOSE WIRES CAUSE FIRES – A TORQUE SCREWDRIVER WON’T HELP!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onlKAOjXGrc
A torque screwdriver doesn’t replace the skill and competence of a good electrician. We explore the common mistakes some installers make which won’t be detected by using an electricians torque screwdriver.
The mistakes shown in this video can lead to electrical fires, damaged consumer units and expensive repairs. All are easily avoided with care, attention and skill.
00:00 Poor terminations
00:36 Give it a wiggle
01:15 Adding a new consumer unit
02:08 How do you prepare your meter tails
02:49 PVC is a poor conductor
03:11 Poor termination
03:51 To the side of the screw
04:43 Missing the bus bar
05:54 Damaged conductors
06:38 Missing conductor strands
Tomi Engdahl says:
VDE torque driver comparison Wera, Wiha
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hdZETcs5eiw
A run through 4 torque drivers from Wera and Wiha
Tomi Engdahl says:
Electricity Basics for Film Sets
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efwPDNCHWoI
In this video I talk about Ohm’s law and what you need to know to count your amps so you don’t trip a circuit breaker on your film set.
Tools used on film sets for Grip & Electrics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2EDqPlWCPo
As a freelance gaffer who does a lot of corporate work, my lighting crew is small and I have to be prepared! Here is a look at my tool bag and what comes with me to every job.
Tomi Engdahl says:
How to gel a hot light (And what not to do)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKFAyIBE9LQ
Tungsten lights are the most affordable option available for used purchase and rental. You can do so much with these lights (for cheap) as long as you know their strengths and weaknesses.
Working with Tungsten Film Lights | Film Lighting Techniques
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TW90KmZ7Tfo
Tomi Engdahl says:
Meet The Gaffer #52: Power Distro for a Sitcom Stage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-YIA2TJS5E
Set Electrician Sheila Greene takes on a tour of the power distro on a “small” sitcom stage.
Meet The Gaffer #39: Basic Distro
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbiwnN0jtyg
In this episode Alan Steinheimer walks through a basic distribution plan for feeding a set with power.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Drawing a Useful Lighting Plot with Michael Sharon – Webinar
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oe_3X9RpbRM
Led by lighting expert and owner of Light Touch Designs, Inc. in Chicago, Michael Sharon, this webinar offers tips and tricks for creating clear and informative lighting plots that serve as practical road maps that others can follow.