Searching for innovation

Innovation is about finding a better way of doing something. Like many of the new development buzzwords (which many of them are over-used on many business documents), the concept of innovation originates from the world of business. It refers to the generation of new products through the process of creative entrepreneurship, putting it into production, and diffusing it more widely through increased sales. Innovation can be viewed as t he application of better solutions that meet new requirements, in-articulated needs, or existing market needs. This is accomplished through more effective products, processes, services, technologies, or ideas that are readily available to markets, governments and society. The term innovation can be defined as something original and, as a consequence, new, that “breaks into” the market or society.

Innoveracy: Misunderstanding Innovation article points out that  there is a form of ignorance which seems to be universal: the inability to understand the concept and role of innovation. The way this is exhibited is in the misuse of the term and the inability to discern the difference between novelty, creation, invention and innovation. The result is a failure to understand the causes of success and failure in business and hence the conditions that lead to economic growth. The definition of innovation is easy to find but it seems to be hard to understand.  Here is a simple taxonomy of related activities that put innovation in context:

  • Novelty: Something new
  • Creation: Something new and valuable
  • Invention: Something new, having potential value through utility
  • Innovation: Something new and uniquely useful

The taxonomy is illustrated with the following diagram.

The differences are also evident in the mechanisms that exist to protect the works: Novelties are usually not protectable, Creations are protected by copyright or trademark, Inventions can be protected for a limited time through patents (or kept secret) and Innovations can be protected through market competition but are not defensible through legal means.

Innovation is a lot of talked about nowdays as essential to businesses to do. Is innovation essential for development work? article tells that innovation has become central to the way development organisations go about their work. In November 2011, Bill Gates told the G20 that innovation was the key to development. Donors increasingly stress innovation as a key condition for funding, and many civil society organisations emphasise that innovation is central to the work they do.

Some innovation ideas are pretty simple, and some are much more complicated and even sound crazy when heard first. The is place for crazy sounding ideas: venture capitalists are gravely concerned that the tech startups they’re investing in just aren’t crazy enough:

 

Not all development problems require new solutions, sometimes you just need to use old things in a slightly new way. Development innovations may involve devising technology (such as a nanotech water treatment kit), creating a new approach (such as microfinance), finding a better way of delivering public services (such as one-stop egovernment service centres), identifying ways of working with communities (such as participation), or generating a management technique (such as organisation learning).

Theorists of innovation identify innovation itself as a brief moment of creativity, to be followed by the main routine work of producing and selling the innovation. When it comes to development, things are more complicated. Innovation needs to be viewed as tool, not master. Innovation is a process, not a one time event. Genuine innovation is valuable but rare.

There are many views on the innovation and innvation process. I try to collect together there some views I have found on-line. Hopefully they help you more than confuze. Managing complexity and reducing risk article has this drawing which I think pretty well describes innovation as done in product development:

8 essential practices of successful innovation from The Innovator’s Way shows essential practices in innovation process. Those practices are all integrated into a non-sequential, coherent whole and style in the person of the innovator.

In the IT work there is lots of work where a little thinking can be a source of innovation. Automating IT processes can be a huge time saver or it can fail depending on situation. XKCD comic strip Automation as illustrates this:

XKCD Automation

System integration is a critical element in project design article has an interesting project cost influence graphic. The recommendation is to involve a system integrator early in project design to help ensure high-quality projects that satisfy project requirements. Of course this article tries to market system integration services, but has also valid points to consider.

Core Contributor Loop (CTTDC) from Art Journal blog posting Blog Is The New Black tries to link inventing an idea to theory of entrepreneurship. It is essential to tune the engine by making improvements in product, marketing, code, design and operations.

 

 

 

 

4,778 Comments

  1. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Colorful quantum dots snag 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
    Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus, and Alexei I. Ekimov laid a vital nanotech foundation.
    https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/10/this-years-nobel-prize-in-chemistry-honors-discovery-of-quantum-dots/?utm_social-type=owned&utm_brand=ars&utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&fbclid=IwAR3-pzixJtWGxbN4JI2Gqf6mpcgG0fy9ILlbgEzeh0mdYzjtHww01pYusno

    Once thought impossible to make, quantum dots have become a common component in computer monitors, TV screens, and LED lamps, among other uses. Three of the scientists who pioneered these colorful nanocrystals—Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus, and Alexei I. Ekimov—have been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences “for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots.” The news had already leaked in the Swedish news media—a rare occurrence—when Johan Aqvist, chair of the Academy’s Nobel committee for chemistry, made the official announcement, complete with five flasks containing quantum dots of many colors lined up before him as a visual aid.

    A quantum dot is a small semiconducting bead a few tens of atoms in diameter. Billions could fit on the head of a pin, and the smaller you can make them, the better. At those small scales, quantum effects kick in and give the dots superior electrical and optical properties. They glow brightly when zapped with light, and the color of that light is determined by the size of the quantum dots. Bigger dots emit redder light; smaller dots emit bluer light. So, you can tailor quantum dots to specific frequencies of light just by changing their size.

    Reply
  2. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Steve Jobs had a theory about the human brain. Neuroscience proved he was correct.

    Neuroscientists Confirm That Steve Jobs Was Decades Ahead of His TimeJobs wasn’t just a technology visionary. He pioneered an iconoclastic management theory.
    https://www.inc.com/geoffrey-james/neuroscientists-confirm-that-steve-jobs-was-decades-ahead-of-his-time.html?cid=sf01002&utm_campaign=freeform&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook&fbclid=iwar3al2eblnhwc6cvjwdqd30fahmgu-jkvevz7enj6hqdpfg3y4b2es_087k

    Thirty years ago, the mantra of the business world was “greed is good” because (as the movie Wall Street put it), “greed captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit … greed for life, for money, for love, for knowledge has marked the upward surge of mankind.”

    Reply
  3. Tomi Engdahl says:

    “This is totally new physics that needs to be addressed.”

    Fleeting form of nitrogen stretches nuclear theory to its limits
    Unstable nitrogen-9 is the first nucleus known to decay by spitting out five protons
    https://www.science.org/content/article/fleeting-form-nitrogen-stretches-nuclear-theory-its-limits?utm_medium=ownedSocial&utm_campaign=NewsfromScience&utm_source=Facebook&fbclid=IwAR3LXuK5TqevdZRklQEvvoL7FhIJ_fztPg6Yhn6as-r1rnExV_Hfoi5SXXo

    Just how long does a cluster of protons and neutrons have to stick together to count as an atomic nucleus? That’s the question raised by the observation of nitrogen-9, a fleeting nucleus that possesses seven protons and two neutrons, a ratio so lopsided that it fates the tiny knot of matter to fall apart almost instantly, in less than one-billionth of a nanosecond. Yet it still counts as a nucleus, physicists say, and explaining its existence and properties should help expand the horizons of nuclear theory and may even have deeper implications for quantum mechanics, the theory that governs the atomic world.

    Scientists not involved in the work are impressed with the discovery. “Both experimentally and theoretically, this is just a flex,” says Kate Jones, a nuclear physicist at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. “I mean, you shouldn’t be able to do this.” Alexander Volya, a theoretical nuclear physicist at Florida State University, says nitrogen-9 is an extreme example of an “unbound” nucleus, which takes no energy to be pulled apart. Such nuclei are pushing the boundaries of theory, he says. “This is totally new physics that needs to be addressed.”

    No single theory can predict the existence, structure, and behavior of all atomic nuclei. In fact, nuclei are so complex that only the lightest ones can be described by models that take as their building blocks individual protons and neutrons and how they interact through the strong nuclear force. Even then, these models run into problems when describing light nuclei in which the protons dramatically outnumber the neutrons, or vice versa.

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    Nitrogen-9 is an extreme example. To make it, a team of physicists working at Michigan State University fired a beam of oxygen-13 nuclei through a beryllium target 1 millimeter thick. The collisions broke up some of the oxygen nuclei into fragments, and the researchers trawled through the wreckage in search of new nuclei. If nitrogen-9 was an ordinary nucleus, scientists could have filtered it out of the spray of fragments using a standard device called a mass spectrometer. But nitrogen-9 falls apart far too quickly to do that, explains Robert Charity, a nuclear scientist at Washington University in St. Louis who led the new study.

    Instead, Charity and his colleagues spotted these fleeting particles by looking for their decay products. For each event, they captured all the nuclear fragments spewing from the target with a detector that measured their momenta and energies. They combed the data for events that contained precisely the fragments a nitrogen-9 should spawn: five protons and an alpha particle (two protons bound to two neutrons). From those particles’ momenta and energy, the physicists could then infer the mass of their parent nucleus—if there was one.

    If the protons and alpha particle were just random debris, then over many events a plot of the parent mass would be featureless. If those particles came from the decay of nitrogen-9, however, the plot would show a distinct peak at the mass for nitrogen-9—which, because of interactions among the protons and neutrons, differs slightly from the simple sum of those particles’ masses. That’s exactly what Charity and colleagues saw. After firing 40 billion oxygen-13 nuclei through the target, they produced just a few hundred nitrogen-9 nuclei, they report in a paper in press at Physical Review Letters. The technique has been used widely in particle physics, Charity notes. “We use the same technique that they found the Higgs boson with.”

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    To make sure they weren’t seeing a spurious signal, the researchers even employed the technique multiple times in an iterative way. They assumed that nitrogen-9 would split into a proton and carbon-8, an unbound nucleus that decays to two protons and beryllium-6. That beryllium-6 is also an unbound nucleus, and it decays to two protons and an alpha particle. They verified that in their candidate events they also saw the telltale mass peak for each nucleus in that decay chain. Emerging one after another, those successively smaller nuclei vaguely resemble a set of nested Russian dolls, Charity says.

    Nitrogen-9, the first nucleus known to spit out five protons, just barely qualifies as a nucleus, Jones says. Its constituents attract each other just enough to hold together for an instant and to affect the properties of the assemblage, such as giving it a definite mass. Discovering a nucleus with so many unbound protons is impressive, Jones says. “The idea of having a system that’s an alpha particle plus five protons, that’s just nuts.”

    Such unbound nuclei also lie on the cutting edge of nuclear theory, Volya says. Mathematically, theorists can model a small bound nucleus in terms of well-defined quantum states that do not vary in time and are confined in space—much as a chemist can model a sodium atom by listing the orbital shells its electrons occupy. But those standard states do not suffice to model an inherently unstable nucleus like nitrogen-9, which has multiple unfettered protons, Volya says. So theorists must employ new tools to model them, he says. “This is a very big change also, in terms of methods.”

    In fact, unbound nuclei are a prime example of an open quantum system that interacts strongly with its surroundings. Others include biochemical systems and even quantum computers, which manipulate quantum bits whose delicate states are easily disrupted by environmental noise. So insights gained in dealing with unbound nuclei such as nitrogen-9 could have broader implications for quantum mechanics, Volya says. “There is a lot of connection between this and many other areas of physics.”

    doi: 10.1126/science.adl0375
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    Reply
  4. Tomi Engdahl says:

    DICKS ARE GETTING LONGER AND SCIENTISTS DON’T KNOW WHY
    “THE MILLION-DOLLAR QUESTION.”
    https://futurism.com/neoscope/penis-length-increase?fbclid=IwAR1sYp0c8eWECwFYWAE214q-m39p-wzytyAKY5l849Lsue-iDCK0FGnPcrk

    SCIENTISTS OFFICIALLY LINK SPORTS CARS TO SMALL PENIS SIZE
    A CRUEL PSYCHOLOGISTS’ THESIS.
    https://futurism.com/neoscope/sports-cars-penis-size

    Reply
  5. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Patentointi edistää startupien menestystä ja rahanhankintaa
    https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2023/10/17/patentointi-edistaa-startupien-menestysta/

    Patenttien ja tavaramerkkien omistaminen parantaa eurooppalaisten startup-yritysten mahdollisuuksia menestyä ja hankkia rahoitusta. Tämä selviää uudesta Euroopan patenttivirasto (EPO) ja unionin teollisoikeuksien viraston (EUIPO) selvityksestä.

    Juuri julkaista raportti osoittaa, että ne startupit, joilla näitä aineettomia oikeuksia on jo siemenvaiheessa tai varhaisessa kasvuvaiheessa, onnistuvat hankkimaan rahoitusta keskimäärin yli 10 kertaa Eurooppa-patenttien ja EU:n tavaramerkkien omistamisesta on merkittävää etua, sillä niiden omistajat varmistavat viisi kertaa useammin varhaisvaiheen rahoituksen verrattuna kansallisten immateriaalioikeuksien omistajiin (6,1 kertaa todennäköisempää tavaramerkkien ja 5,3 kertaa patenttien osalta).

    Niin kutsutun ”deep tech”-alan eli syväteknologian startupit kohtaavat erityisiä haasteita kehittäessään läpimurtotekniikoita, sillä ne edellyttävät suuria investointeja ja pitkiä toimitusaikoja. Tällaiset startup-yritykset voivat hyötyä erityisesti patenteista ja tuotemerkeistä, jotka houkuttelevat ”kärsivällisiä” sijoittajia.

    Toimialojen välillä on kuitenkin merkittäviä eroja. Bioteknologia on ollut selvästi aktiivisin, mutta esimerkiksi luonnontieteen ja tekniikka alan yrityksistä neljännes hyödyntää patentteja ja tavaramerkkejä 38 prosenttia. Seuraavia ovat terveydenhuolto ja valmistavan yritykset.

    Reply
  6. Tomi Engdahl says:

    2023 Nobel Prizes for Physics and Chemistry Have Direct EE Relevance
    Oct. 17, 2023
    The subjects of this year’s Nobels for Chemistry and Physics, which involve attosecond pulses of light and quantum dots, respectively, should be of interest to most electronic engineers.
    https://www.mwrf.com/resources/technology-advancements/article/21275234/electronic-design-2023-nobel-prizes-for-physics-and-chemistry-have-direct-ee-relevance?o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&utm_campaign=CPS231013059&utm_medium=email&utm_source=RF+MWRF+Today

    Reply
  7. Tomi Engdahl says:

    The RF Hearing Effect is explained and analyzed as a thermal to acoustic demodulating process. Energy absorption in a medium, such as the head, causes mechanical expansion and contraction, and thus an acoustic signal.

    When the expansion and contraction take place in the head of an animal, the acoustic signal is passed by conduction to the inner ear where it is further processed as if it were an acoustic signal from the outer ear.

    Method and device for implementing the radio frequency hearing effect
    https://patents.justia.com/patent/6470214?fbclid=IwAR2w3seMxTtgqfI4JZSvw1iITKXoiDrnaUluMQzvrr30z_xSfEv_NPPusSI

    Dec 13, 1996 – The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air Force
    A modulation process with a fully suppressed carrier and input preprocessor filtering to produce an encoded output; for amplitude modulation (AM) and audio speech preprocessor filtering, intelligible subjective sound is produced when the encoded signal is demodulated using the RF Hearing Effect. Suitable forms of carrier suppressed modulation include single sideband (SSB) and carrier suppressed amplitude modulation (CSAM), with both sidebands present.

    Reply
  8. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Ink cartridges are complex inside!
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5liq9Tj3aU

    How to Fix Dried Out Ink Cartridges That Are Clogged
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIuJsiaicW0

    Sublimation Help!: How to Fix Stubborn Clogged Print Heads (for Epson Printers)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sNtZwTs01c

    Reply
  9. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Ihmisen siittiöt rikkovat Newtonin kolmatta lakia
    Jotkut biologiset solut uivat vapaasti tavalla, joka rikkoo yhtä Newtonin liikelaeista.
    https://www.tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/ihmisen-siittiot-rikkovat-newtonin-kolmatta-lakia/ddf29747-ddec-4eb2-bbcb-4551ead89ac5

    Ihmisen siittiösolut ja jotkin mikro-organismit uivat muuttamalla runkoaan tavalla, joka rikkoo Newtonin kolmatta lakia. Nyt tutkijat ovat lähellä ymmärtää, kuinka solut tekevät sen.

    Newtonin kolmas laki, eli voiman ja vastavoiman laki, sanoo, että jos kappale A vaikuttaa kappaleeseen B tietyllä voimalla, B vaikuttaa A:han yhtä suurella mutta vastakkaissuuntaisella voimalla.

    Viime aikoina fyysikot ovat alkaneet tutkia mekaniikkaa ilman Newtonin kolmatta lakia.

    Reply
  10. Tomi Engdahl says:

    soluja liikkuu eteenpäin niin sanotulla “ei-vastavuoroisella” tavalla

    Reply
  11. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Analysoimalla äänitallenteita tutkijat voivat yllättävän tarkasti kertoa, kenellä ääninäytteen antajista on tyypin 2 diabetes.

    Äänesi voi paljastaa, onko sinulla diabetes
    https://tieku.fi/terveys/aanesi-voi-paljastaa-onko-sinulla-diabetes?fbclid=IwAR1m6zvMsrX9oacO5qK1UE4_kqBvYjQuOee6FWzvgudELbR-EWa3VsNYBrk

    Analysoimalla äänitallenteita tutkijat voivat yllättävän tarkasti kertoa, kenellä ääninäytteen antajista on tyypin 2 diabetes.

    Reply
  12. Tomi Engdahl says:

    It only takes around 20 minutes to assemble the hardware store materials into a microscope stand for a smartphone.

    This could be a viable alternative for science teachers who do not have the resources to purchase microscopes for the classroom.

    More info & assembly instruction video: http://bit.ly/1aj2ooZ

    Reply
  13. Tomi Engdahl says:

    The entropy of a closed system doesn’t always increase
    The second law of thermodynamics is an inviolable law of reality. Here’s what everyone should know about closed, open, and isolated systems.
    https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/entropy-closed-system-increase/#Echobox=1698128018

    Reply
  14. Tomi Engdahl says:

    New research finds stress and strain changes metal electronic structure
    https://phys.org/news/2023-10-stress-strain-metal-electronic.html#google_vignette

    New research from the University of Birmingham shows that the electronic structure of metals can strongly affect their mechanical properties.

    Reply
  15. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Particle Accelerator on a Chip Hits Penny-Size Nano electron guns can help zap cancers and drive new classes of lasers
    https://spectrum.ieee.org/particle-accelerator-chip-sized

    Reply
  16. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Paremman oppimiskokemuksen luominen Toy2 avulla
    https://toy2.com/fi/kindergarten/

    Päivitä esikoulun junasarja monipuolisilla liittimillä.
    Rataliittimet ovat ihana lisä esikoululaisen lelukokoelmaan! Toy2 Track Connectorsin avulla lapset voivat yhdistää puiset junaradat (kuten BRIO® tai IKEA) DUPLO®-palikoihin tai muihin vastaaviin leluihin, mikä avaa aivan uuden luovuuden ja hauskanpidon maailman.

    Useampi eri-ikäinen lapsi voi leikkiä ja rakentaa yhdessä, mikä antaa vanhoille leluille uuden elämän ja pidentää leikkiaikaa. Anna mielikuvituksesi valloilleen Toy2 Track Connectors -rataliittimien avulla!

    Reply
  17. Tomi Engdahl says:

    MERKITTÄVIN SUOMALAINEN TEOLLINEN KEKSINTÖ? ATOMIKERROSKASVATUSTA, ALD:TÄ, HYÖDYNNETÄÄN TIETOKONEISSA JA AURINKOKENNOISSA
    Valmistettavan tietokoneen jokainen komponentti käy läpi noin 70 ALD-prosessia. Menetelmästä toivotaan apua myös uuden sukupolven aurinkokennojen kehittämiseen.
    https://www.helsinki.fi/fi/uutiset/ihmisten-teknologia/merkittavin-suomalainen-teollinen-keksinto-atomikerroskasvatusta-aldta-hyodynnetaan-tietokoneissa-ja-aurinkokennoissa

    Reply
  18. Tomi Engdahl says:

    From a five-layer graphene sandwich, a rare electronic state emerges
    A newly discovered type of electronic behavior could help with packing more data into magnetic memory devices.
    https://news.mit.edu/2023/five-layer-graphene-sandwich-rare-electronic-behavior-1018

    Ordinary pencil lead holds extraordinary properties when shaved down to layers as thin as an atom. A single, atom-thin sheet of graphite, known as graphene, is just a tiny fraction of the width of a human hair. Under a microscope, the material resembles a chicken-wire of carbon atoms linked in a hexagonal lattice.

    Despite its waif-like proportions, scientists have found over the years that graphene is exceptionally strong. And when the material is stacked and twisted in specific contortions, it can take on surprising electronic behavior.

    Now, MIT physicists have discovered another surprising property in graphene: When stacked in five layers, in a rhombohedral pattern, graphene takes on a very rare, “multiferroic” state, in which the material exhibits both unconventional magnetism and an exotic type of electronic behavior, which the team has coined ferro-valleytricity.

    Reply
  19. Tomi Engdahl says:

    The Great Practice Myth:
    Debunking the 10,000 Hour Rule
    https://www.6seconds.org/2022/06/20/10000-hour-rule/

    What does it take to become an expert or master performer in a given field? 10,000 hours of practice. It’s a common rule of thumb, popularized by Malcom Gladwell in his bestseller Outliers: The Story of Success. It’s catchy, easy to remember, and more or less completely false.

    We’re debunking the 10,000 hour rule and taking a look at proven ways to practice, learn and achieve mastery.

    Reply
  20. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Why Power a Whisky Still with Green Hydrogen? Supercritical Solutions is bringing electrolysis to the distillery
    https://spectrum.ieee.org/green-hydrogen-2666014198#toggle-gdpr

    Reply
  21. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Smartphones with ‘self-healing’ displays will arrive within five years, analysts predict
    https://www.cnbc.com/2023/10/11/phones-with-self-healing-displays-to-arrive-by-2028-analysts-predict.html

    KEY POINTS
    In its roundup of top tech predictions for 2024 and beyond, CCS Insight said that it expects smartphone makers to begin producing phones with “self-healing” displays within five years.
    The way this could work is by incorporating a “nano coating” on the surface of the display that, if scratched, creates a new material thSat reacts when exposed to air and fills in the imperfection.
    Companies have been talking about smartphone display technology that can be self-repaired for several years now.

    Reply
  22. Tomi Engdahl says:

    CHINESE MILITARY SAYS IT’S FIGURED OUT HOW TO BUILD LASER WEAPONS THAT CAN FIRE INDEFINITELY
    https://futurism.com/the-byte/chinese-military-infinite-lasers

    Reply
  23. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Harri Holma on kehittänyt Nokian mobiiliverkkoja jo 30 vuotta ja juossut 120 maratonia – ”On etuoikeus olla mukana tekemässä parempaa maailmaa”
    https://www.telia.fi/telia-yrityksena/medialle/artikkeli/mobiiliverkon-kotimaisuudella-on-valia-newsroom

    Reply
  24. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Quantum physicists at Delft University of Technology have shown that it’s possible to control and manipulate spin waves on a chip using superconductors for the first time.

    Controlling waves in magnets with superconductors for the first time
    https://phys.org/news/2023-10-magnets-superconductors.html?fbclid=IwAR3E6k1UGOqH-MVyFuVYgyYxcTDId8jmAM85rwnlvKfe6p9H9uoZr5NmwGY

    Quantum physicists at Delft University of Technology have shown that it’s possible to control and manipulate spin waves on a chip using superconductors for the first time. These tiny waves in magnets may offer an alternative to electronics in the future. The study, published in Science, primarily gives physicists new insight into the interaction between magnets and superconductors.

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  25. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Nobel Prize in Physics 2023
    The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023 has been awarded to Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier “for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter“. In celebration of this recognition, Nature Portfolio presents a collection of research, review, news and commentary articles to highlight their contributions and inspirations in and beyond the field.
    https://www.nature.com/collections/gdiedachgb

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  26. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Milestone: A particle accelerator on a chip
    FAU team of researchers succeed for the first time in accelerating electrons using a nano device.
    https://www.techexplorist.com/milestone-particle-accelerator-chip/75733/#google_vignette

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  27. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Antimatter falls like matter, upholding Einstein’s theory of gravity
    In a first, scientists dropped antihydrogen atoms and measured how they fell
    https://www.sciencenews.org/article/antimatter-falls-down-matter-einsteins-gravity?fbclid=IwAR2qUIn7aYfKlYTI5HviRQ8PPcyQiEM0wmu8qZo0pc0-KrE6RA8BypjyKmc

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