Innovation is critical in today’s engineering world and it demands technical knowledge and the highest level of creativity. Seeing compact articles that solve design problems or display innovative ways to accomplish design tasks can help to fuel your electronics creativity.
You can find many very circuit ideas at ePanorama.net circuits page.
In addition to this links to interesting electronics design related articles worth to check out can be posted to the comments section.
1,841 Comments
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.edn.com/five-major-trends-in-power-supply-design-for-servers/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Current Sensing: Past, Present, and Future
Aug. 17, 2022
While measuring voltage is often a simple task, measuring current is usually not so straightforward. This article demonstrates a new, highly integrated, “lossless,” and localized approach to current sensing that deals with many of the challenges.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/whitepaper/21248905/navitas-semiconductor-current-sensing-past-present-and-future?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220818071&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/tekniset-artikkelit/13913-haeirioepiikit-kuriin-uutuuspiireillae
Nopeat häiriöpiikit muodostavat vakavan ongelman moottorinohjaimissa ja muissa ohjausjärjestelmissä. Analog Devicesin uusimmat eristetyt sigma-delta-modulaattorit nostavat yhteismuotoisten transienttien siedon CMTI-lukemat uudelle tasolle ja vähentävät merkittävästi lämpötilan muutosten aiheuttamaa ryömintää. Tästä on suurta hyötyä nykyaikaisten ohjausjärjestelmien mittaussovelluksissa.
Mitä CMTI tarkoittaa?
Yhteismuotoisten transienttien sieto eli CMTI (Common-Mode Transient Immunity) on tunnusluku, joka määrittää erotusrajan yli syötetyn transienttipulssin suurimman sallitun nousu- ja laskunopeuden, jonka ylittäminen aiheuttaa kellosignaalin tai datan vääristymisen. Sekä pulssin muutosnopeus että absoluuttinen yhteismuotojännite (VCM) dokumentoidaan.
Uudentyyppiset erotetut modulaattorit testataan sekä staattisissa että dynaamisissa CMTI-olosuhteissa. Staattisessa testauksessa piiristä havaitaan yksibittiset virheet. Dynaamisessa testauksessa tarkkaillaan satunnaisten CMTI-pulssien vaikutusta suodatetun datalähdön kohinaan. Testausjärjestelyn lohkokaavio on esitetty kuvassa 1.
CMTI on tärkeä tunnusluku, koska nopeat (suuritaajuiset) transientit voivat häiritä datansiirtoa erotusrajan yli. Näiden transienttien sietokyvyn ymmärtäminen ja mittaaminen on tärkeää. ADI:n kehittämät testausmenetelmät perustuvat standardiin IEC 60747-17, jossa määritetään magneettisten ja kapasitiivisten kytkimien yhteismuotoisten transienttihäiriöiden sietokyvyn (CMTI) mittausmenetelmiä.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Increasing power density with an integrated GaN solution
https://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/powerhouse/posts/increasing-power-density-with-an-integrated-gan-solution-1561459668?HQS=app-hvp-gan-hvi_gan_leadership_2022_increase_power-exexnl-ta-electronicdesign_0824-wwe-int&DCM=yes&dclid=CKbE_46t4fkCFfNGwgodWuYPNA
Gallium nitride (GaN) is a popular topic in the power electronics industry, as it enables designs such as 80 Plus titanium power supplies, 3.8-kW/L electric vehicle (EV) onboard chargers and EV charging stations. In many applications, GaN replaces traditional silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) given its ability to drive higher power density and efficiency. But because of its electrical properties and the performance that it enables, designing with GaN has a different set of challenges than silicon.
Several different types of GaN FETs exist with different device structures – depletion mode (d-mode), enhancement mode (e-mode) and cascade to cathode (cascode) – and each has its own accompanying gate-driver and system requirements. In this article, I will break down the most important considerations for designing with different types of GaN FETs to improve power density in your system design. I will also review how integrating functions such as a gate driver and voltage supply regulation can significantly simplify your overall design.
How to Boost Power Density in Automotive Systems
Jan. 5, 2022
More vehicle weight leads to lower miles per gallon in fossil fuels and more frequent charging in electric vehicles. Thus, power density of power supplies and batteries is a crucial factor in optimizing automotive performance.
Steve Taranovich
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/whitepaper/21213209/electronic-design-how-to-boost-power-density-in-automotive-systems?utm_source=EG+ED+Update:+Power+and+Analog&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220729083&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
The latest design architectures, especially in automotive power electronic systems, are critical in the success of any new hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) or electric vehicle (EV). A high-voltage vehicle power network is necessary with voltages of 60 V and higher, along with a traditional 14-V power network.
High-voltage vehicle power network architectures contain an electrical energy-storage system and a traction drive inverter. Some HEV and EV system architectures also may contain high-voltage power electronic systems using dc-dc converters to power a low-voltage network. Examples include electrical air-conditioning compressors, cooling water pumps, oil pumps, traction bus voltage stabilization, and ac-dc converters for unidirectional or bidirectional interfaces to vehicle grids.
Let’s take a look at various power systems and components in the vehicle that contribute to an overall higher-power-density architecture.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Piezo Haptic Drivers Deliver Improved Gaming and Feedback
Aug. 22, 2022
Marc-Andre Morin from Boréas Technologies highlights haptic support that can improve applications such as gaming in mobile devices.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/video/21247884/electronic-design-haptic-drivers-deliver-improved-gaming-and-feedback?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220824117&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.tek.com/en/documents/whitepaper/hall-effect-measurements-materials-characterization
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.tek.com/en/documents/application-note/resistivity-measurements-semiconductor-materials-using-4200a-scs-parameter
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/behind_the_wheel/posts/how-to-design-an-automotive-transient-and-overcurrent-protection-filter?HQS=sys-auto-info-ve_infopower20-agg-ta-ElectronicDesign_auto-wwe&DCM=yes&dclid=CL7Zks_24_kCFRqDsgodZtUGRA
Tomi Engdahl says:
UHF-CB / Air Band Radio headset circuit
https://hackaday.io/project/186797-uhf-cb-air-band-radio-headset-circuit
Attach one headset to listen to both a UHF-CB and an air band radio and to transmit on either.
Tomi Engdahl says:
78xx Replacement
Replace your old 78xx voltage regulators with this much more efficient pin-compatible buck converter.
https://hackaday.io/project/187111-78xx-replacement
Replace your old 78xx voltage regulators with this much more efficient pin-compatible buck converter.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Industrial Gate-Driver Optocoupler Circumvents Common Headaches
Sept. 7, 2022
The TLP5212 smart gate-driver photocoupler for industrial power-inverter applications can sink/source up to 2.5 A, is rated for 5-kV isolation, and includes additional protection features.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/industrial-automation/article/21250243/electronic-design-industrial-gatedriver-optocoupler-circumvents-common-headaches
Tomi Engdahl says:
Products of the Week: Signal Relays, Automotive Switcher IC
https://www.electronicdesign.com/resources/products-of-the-week/media-gallery/21250059/electronic-design-products-of-the-week-signal-relays-automotive-switcher-ic?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220907092&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
This roundup includes a high-current automotive switcher IC that provides up to 850 mA of output current and a series of signal relays that support switching currents of up to 3 A. Also featured are a new generation of silicon IGBTs for electric cars and a line of silicon-carbide (SiC) MOSFETs that are competing with them.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Amp Camp Nelson Pass amplifier breadboard test
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=3q156rslEYI
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.electronicdesign.com/industrial-automation/article/21250243/electronic-design-industrial-gatedriver-optocoupler-circumvents-common-headaches?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220908088&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
I followed a YouTube Electronics Video and Regret it! (Debunking a 500k video)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SykfLBLP3xI
In this video we will actually be looking at another video on YouTube. There the creator claimed that you can build a BLDC Motor driver with only 9 components. The catch is that ESCs (which are normally used for driving BLDC motors) consist of way more components and are usually quite complicated. So let’s “test” the circuit and find out all the information the original creator kept quiet about. Let’s get started!
Thanks to MEL Science for sponsoring this video.
0:00 The “Bad” Video I found
1:53 Intro
2:51 What Information was Missing?
3:37 Building the Circuit
4:11 4 Wire Motor Problem
5:17 First Test (Small Motor)
6:45 Second Test (Bigger Motor)
7:41 Why does the Circuit Suck?
9:21 Verdict
Tomi Engdahl says:
Shrink Board Space in Brushed-DC Motor-Driver Designs
Sept. 14, 2022
Sponsored by Texas Instruments: Small packages that integrate current-sensing functions and field-effect transistors help to minimize board real estate in cost-optimized automotive systems that incorporate brushed-dc motors.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/tools/learning-resources/whitepaper/21249838/texas-instruments-shrink-board-space-in-brusheddc-motordriver-designs?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220914093&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Low cost and simplicity of control make brushed-dc motors suitable for use in automotive applications such as window lifts, sunroof controls, locks, latches, and engine valves. However, brushed-dc motor-controller design imposes several challenges, including size constraints and the ability to respond appropriately to fault conditions. In addition, you will want to pursue design-reuse strategies to reduce development time.
Tomi Engdahl says:
GaN on the Half-Bridge
Sept. 13, 2022
The half-bridge, one of the most fundamental building blocks in power electronics, now comes in GaN.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/article/21250273/electronic-design-gan-power-ics-on-the-halfbridge?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220914093&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Navitas Semiconductor rolled out its new family of fully integrated half-bridge gallium-nitride (GaN) ICs, seeking to further shake up the silicon-dominated market for power electronics.
The power semiconductor maker said the new chips reduce component count and the area of a complete half-bridge on a circuit board by more than 60%. Navitas further said that the result is better overall performance, reliability, and power density, while keeping system cost and complexity in check.
According to the company, the new series of GaN-based half-bridge power ICs promises to usher in a wide range of new power-converter applications and upgrade them from kilohertz to megahertz switching frequencies.
Tomi Engdahl says:
GaN to Bring Bidirectional Current and Voltage Control
Sept. 13, 2022
The Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) wants access to better GaN power switches.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/article/21250521/electronic-design-gan-to-bring-bidirectional-current-and-voltage-control?utm_source=EG+ED+Auto+Electronics&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220914156&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
Let’s Get Cyber-Physical: The Expanding Role of CPS
Sept. 2, 2022
Cyber-physical systems are closely tied to the IoT and will increasingly use AI in every imaginable use case to operate more autonomously.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/technologies/embedded-revolution/article/21250006/luos-lets-get-cyberphysical-the-expanding-role-of-cps?utm_source=EG+ED+Auto+Electronics&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220914156&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
What you’ll learn:
What is a cyber-physical system and how do we define it?
What are some of its uses/applications in transportation, energy, and manufacturing?
How to join a worldwide community of developers to share experiences, ideas, projects, and new ways of developing.
Tomi Engdahl says:
GaN to Bring Bidirectional Current and Voltage Control
Sept. 13, 2022
The Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) wants access to better GaN power switches.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/article/21250521/electronic-design-gan-to-bring-bidirectional-current-and-voltage-control?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220915131&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.edn.com/high-frequency-flex-circuit-boosts-signal-integrity/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.emisoftware.com/blogs/select-cable-shield-ing-electromagnetic-compatibility-3/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Reliable and Affordable Isolation for High-Voltage Designs
Galvanic Isolation: The Key to Reliability and Safety
https://storydesign.electronicdesign.com/galvanic-isolation/landing-page-438DY-2084UE.html
Galvanic isolation prevents direct currents from flowing from one subcircuit to another. Functional-level isolation facilitates the proper operation of equipment when subcircuits use different voltage domains and operate at different ground potentials. Two additional levels of isolation, basic and reinforced, enhance reliability and safety.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Innovating power module packaging
https://www.vicorpower.com/resource-library/articles/innovating-power-module-packaging
Power module packaging is a unique differentiator that has enable Vicor to increase power density by more than 500x in 40 years.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/tekniset-artikkelit/14019-piikarbidi-takaa-tehokkaan-lisaevirran
Tomi Engdahl says:
All you need to know about Linear PSU (Power Supplies) To Build And Fix Stuff – Tutorial Guide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pAOBPmC7Fw
Let’s take a look at Linear Power Supplies. These are much simpler than Switch Mode PSU but there is still plenty to learn, We’ll put together a small dual positive/negative power supply mostly using parts salvaged from a NiCAD/NIMH battery charger. Of course things don’t quite go to plan and it doesn’t work! So we have to diagnose and fix the problem. There is some very good advice about the fundamentals of Electronics Repair here – watch it through and you may have a ‘light bulb’ moment!
CHAPTERS
00:00:00 Prologue
00:02:08 The Battery Chargers
00:07:31 Salvaging The Components
00:27:40 Schematic (Pt 1)
00:32:13 Connecting The Transformer
00:33:24 DANGER! Autotransformers
00:37:01 Rectifier Diodes
00:40:29 Half Wave Rectification
00:42:23 Schottky Diodes
00:46:44 Schematic (Pt 2)
00:48:52 Smoothing Capacitors
00:52:08 Schematic (Pt 3)
00:55:08 Voltage Regulators
00:56:20 It Doesn’t Work!
00:57:05 Diagnosis
00:59:05 * THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPEDANCE *
01:05:25 Fault Finding (Pt 1)
01:06:50 Ohms Law
01:09:14 Fault Finding (Pt 2)
01:18:00 Load Testing
01:23:08 Full Wave Rectification
01:31:41 Battery Chargers (Reprise)
01:38:01 Epilogue
Tomi Engdahl says:
yep diodes emit light when forward biassed, difficult to see due to metal contacts.
PV cells also emit light, but silicon ones will do it in IR as they only have a 600mV bandgap. Triple junction PV cells emit a soft pink colour, we had a project that used 12 in a concentrating array, we would put current in them and visually check the bonding contacts were OK, you can use LED’s as photodiode too. Generally the more efficient the device is, the more reversible it is.
Even MLCC capacitors can be used as microphones or speakers.
The real challenge designing extremely sensitive sensing systems is trying to manage all the unwanted transduction mechanisms.
From
https://www.facebook.com/groups/VintageElectronicTestEquipment/permalink/5450119148438566/
Tomi Engdahl says:
James Lewis – They’re JUST Capacitors
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAbOHFYRFGg
James Lewis, marketing manager for Kemet Capacitors, talks about the range of misconceptions surrounding capacitors, especially that they are “simple” devices. There are many considerations for capacitors, depending on the chemistry and configuration of a particularly capacitor.
Slides for the presentation can be found here:
https://www.baldengineer.com/hddg11.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/lm1875-vs-lm3886.184256/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Impedance, the Skin Effect, and their Implications in High Frequency Circuits
https://waveguide.blog/impedance-skin-effect-implications-high-frequency-circuits/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/390700/sunn-beta-lead-30k-s-curve-pot
Tomi Engdahl says:
Application Note How to Use NTC Thermistors for Inrush Current Limiting
https://product.tdk.com/en/techlibrary/applicationnote/howto_ntc-limiter.html
At the time of powering on an electronic device such as a switch-mode power supply (SMPS) or an inverter, the device is charged with an instantaneous abnormal current with a high peak. It is called an inrush current, and without protection, it may destroy a semiconductor device or have a harmful effect on the service life of a smoothing capacitor. NTC thermistors are used as ICLs (inrush current limiters) to protect circuits of electrical and electronic devices against inrush currents easily and effectively.
NTC thermistors are temperature-dependent resistors that employ special semiconductor ceramics with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC). They have a high resistance at room temperature, and when they are energized, they generate heat by themselves and the resistance falls as their temperature rises. With this property, they are used as current protection devices for electrical and electronic devices which easily and effectively limit abnormal currents including an inrush current at the time of powering on. NTC thermistors used as current protection devices are also called power thermistors.
A fixed resistance or an NTC thermistor can be used to limit inrush currents.
However, a fixed resistor always causes a power loss and a decrease in performance. An NTC thermistor limits an inrush current with its high initial resistance, and then its temperature rises because of energization and its resistance falls to a few percent of its level at room temperature, thus achieving a power loss that is lower than when a fixed resistor is used. In other words, the effect of limiting inrush currents obtained by using an NTC thermistor is greater than that obtained by using a fixed resistor with comparable initial power losses.
The following are details of sample applications of NTC thermistors for inrush current limiting.
Tomi Engdahl says:
PTC Thermistors For Inrush Current Limiting
https://www.ametherm.com/inrush-current/ptc-thermistors-for-inrush-current-limiting
NTC-based Limiting
For many systems, a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor can effectively limit inrush current. An NTC thermistor provides variable resistance based on its temperature. Placing an NTC thermistor between the power supply and system limits inrush current (see Figure 1). At first, the initial temperature of the NTC thermistor is low, providing high resistance. When the system is powered on, it energizes the NTC thermistor, causing the temperature to rise, and thus lowering resistance. As resistance drops to a low value, the current passes through without adversely affecting normal operation or power efficiency.
PTC-based Limiting
NTC thermistors are the most commonly used limiter. They have a wide range of uses and applications. However, a few scenarios exist that require a positive temperature coefficient (PTC). If a system meets one of the exceptions listed below, a PTC thermistor is the best choice.
Exceptions
Ambient temperature is greater than room temperature: If the ambient temperature is already high, the resistance of the NTC thermistor will be lower when the system is powered on. This lower resistance will reduce the limiting capabilities of the NTC thermistor and could put the system at risk.
Ambient temperature is less than room temperature: If the ambient temperature is already low, the resistance of the NTC thermistor will be very high. The high resistance could limit all of the current and prevent the system from actually turning on, even after the initial inrush ends.
Reset time needs to be near-zero: Certain types of equipment, such as welding gear or a plasma cutter, switch on and off frequently as part of their normal operation. This creates multiple instances of inrush current. NTC-based limiting operates on the nature of the NTC thermistor to self-heat and lower its resistance. However, when a system is quickly turned off and then on again, the NTC thermistor may not have completely cooled. It takes time for the NTC thermistor to release its heat and reset, dependent upon the size and mass of the NTC thermistor. If the NTC thermistor has not had sufficient time to cool, it will have a lower resistance when the system is turned on again, reducing its ability to handle the inrush current and protect the system.
Short circuit: A short circuit drops the internal resistance of a system to near zero, quickly raising the current the system draws from the power supply. As the NTC thermistor limits this current, it quickly increases in temperature, thus lowering its resistance. This allows more of the current to flow through until it can damage the system. High current from a short can also destroy the NTC thermistor.
PTC-based Limiting Analysis
When the previous scenarios occur, a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor can provide effective inrush current protection. A PTC thermistor functions opposite to an NTC thermistor: as temperature rises, its resistance increases. Resistance begins to increase rapidly at Curie temperature (Tc).
At low temperatures resistance stays constant.
PTC Thermistor Tradeoffs
There are a few tradeoffs when designing in a PTC-based limiting circuit. A PTC thermistor costs about 1.5 times more than an NTC thermistor. Additionally, PTC-based limiting requires an active circuit to bypass the PTC thermistor to prevent shutting the entire system down. As resistance increases, it limits the incoming current. This occurs even after the inrush current has dropped to normal levels.
A bypass circuit is active during power on for a set interval, typically 3 or 4 times the amount it takes for the inrush current to settle (see Figure 3). Then, the bypass circuit shuts itself off and sends current back through the PTC thermistor to protect the system against shorts. If the bypass circuit were always triggered by a high current, the limiting circuit would not provide protection during a short. Overall, the increased responsiveness and advanced protection outweigh the added complexity and cost of a bypass circuit.
Conclusion
NTC thermistors limit inrush current by providing series resistance at the moment the device is powered on. They are also the most commonly used thermistor because they fit a wide range of equipment. Certain scenarios, however, may require PTC thermistors. These thermistors stop inrush current by providing high resistance in high temperatures. Examples include industrial equipment, power tools, and other fast switching systems (see Table 1). For these cases, PTC thermistors provide cost-effective protection and superior responsiveness. Other benefits include: near-zero reset time, ability to operate in extreme temperature conditions, and effectiveness when limiting high current from shorts.
Tomi Engdahl says:
NTC current limiting
https://www.farnell.com/datasheets/2921098.pdf
B57211P0100M351
ICL NTC THERMISTOR, 10 OHM, 4A ROHS COMPLIANT: YES
https://www.newark.com/epcos/b57211p0100m351/icl-ntc-thermistor-10-ohm-4a-rohs/dp/69AH6748
Tomi Engdahl says:
Tätä ei usein näe: täysin uusi tehonmuunnostekniikka
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/14051-taetae-ei-usein-naee-taeysin-uusi-tehonmuunnostekniikka
Kovin usein ei markkinoille tule täysin uusia tehonmuunnoksen tekniikoita, mutta nyt Cambridgen yliopistosta irrotettu Pulsiv sellaisen esittelee. Yhtiö on esitellyt OSMIUM-muuntimen, joka muuntaa vaihtovirran tasavirraksi virtalähteissä ja akun lataussovelluksissa ilman PFC-kelaa.
Kyse on uudenlaisesta etupäästä, jonka avulla flyback-muuntimet voivat korvata perinteiset LLC-mallit. Patentoitu ratkaisu sisältää pienen tallennuskondensaattorin lataamisen/purkauksen.
Ratkaisun avulla saavutetaan erittäin korkea tehokerroi, jatkuva korkea hyötysuhde ja erittäin kompaktin järjestelmärakenteen.
Pulsiv OSMIUM -mikro-ohjainperhe ja sitä tukevat komponentit voidaan yhdistää tavallisiin flyback-tyyppisiin DC-DC-muuntimiin korvaamaan kalliimpia LLC-ratkaisuja. Pulsiv on jo esitellyt universaalin tulon, yhden kytkimen, teholtaan 150-wattisen flyback-virtalähteen, jonka hyötysuhde on keskimäärin 97,5 prosenttia.
Parhaillaan kehitetään 240 W:n lomitettua flybackia,
Säätelemällä verkkovirran virtausta latauskondensaattorin kautta Pulsiv on eliminoinut täysin käynnistysvirran, mikä tarkoittaa, että teollisuusvirtalähteiden ja LED-valaistustuotteiden valmistajat voivat yksinkertaistaa suunnitteluaan ja alentaa järjestelmän kustannuksia. Lisäksi OSMIUM-tekniikka tukee aktiivista siltaohjausta, konfiguroitavaa pitoa, X-Cap-purkausta, HVDC-lähdön valintaa, virrankulutusilmaisinta ja verkkovikojen havaitsemista. Nämä valinnaiset ominaisuudet voidaan valita tarpeen mukaan vastaamaan eri loppusovellusten tarpeita.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Pulsiv unveils power electronics technology to reduce energy consumption
https://newsnreleases.com/2022/09/27/pulsiv-unveils-power-electronics-technology-to-reduce-energy-consumption/
Pulsiv, a Cambridge based start-up, today emerged from stealth mode, with the announcement of its new power electronics technology. Pulsiv OSMIUM technology can be used to improve overall system efficiency, optimise cost and contribute towards reducing global energy consumption.
Pulsiv OSMIUM uses a patented method for converting AC to DC that involves charging/discharging a small storage capacitor without the need for a PFC inductor. This unique solution delivers high power factor, consistently high efficiency and an ultra-compact system design.
The Pulsiv OSMIUM microcontroller family and supporting components can be combined with commodity flyback DC-DC converters to displace higher-cost LLC solutions. Pulsiv has demonstrated a universal input, single switch 150W flyback power supply design that delivers 97.5% average (99.5% peak) front-end efficiency while maintaining 90% at just 2W.
The PSV-AD-250-DS development system can be used by engineers to evaluate Pulsiv OSMIUM technology and connecting a suitable DC-DC converter will produce a complete power supply prototype. Full reference designs are being made freely available via the Company’s website
https://pulsiv.co.uk/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.monolithicpower.com/en/power-factor-correction
Tomi Engdahl says:
Six countermeasures to limit startup surge current of SMPS
https://www.onelectrontech.com/six-countermeasures-current-limit-smps-startup-inrush-current/
The inrush current of the switching power supply refers to the peak current flowing into the power supply equipment at the instant the power is turned on as shown in the below figure. Since the input filter capacitor of the charger quickly charges, the peak current is much larger than the steady-state input current. The power supply should limit the surge levels that AC switches, rectifier bridges, fuses, and EMI filter devices can withstand. Switching the loop repeatedly, the AC input voltage should not damage the power supply or causes the fuse to blow.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://circuitdigest.com/tutorial/what-is-inrush-current-and-how-to-limit-it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inrush_current_limiter
Tomi Engdahl says:
Use Modules with Integrated Amplifiers to Remove the “Black Magic” from High-Speed ADC Design
https://www.digikey.com/en/articles/use-modules-with-integrated-amplifiers-for-high-speed-adc-design?dclid=CNbwoIW5ufoCFQMWGAodohUIrw
Designers of systems such as data acquisition, hardware in the loop (HiL), and power analyzers need an analog signal converter chain that can achieve high resolution and high accuracy at very high sample rates, often up to 15 mega samples per second (MSPS). However, high-speed analog designs can look like “black magic” to many designers, especially when faced with a series of hidden parasitics that impact the signal integrity.
For example, typical designs are discrete and contain several ICs and components, including a fully differential amplifier (FDA), a first (1st) order low-pass filter (LPF), a voltage reference, and a high-speed, high-resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The capacitive and resistive parasitics are within and around the ADC driver amplifier (the FDA), the ADC input filter, and the ADC.
Eliminating, reducing, or mitigating the effects of these parasitics is challenging. It requires a high degree of skill and can require many circuit design cycles and pc board layout iterations, compromising design schedules and budgets. What’s required is a more complete and integrated solution that solves many of these design issues.
This article will describe a discrete data acquisition circuit and related layout issues, and then introduce an integrated module that contains a high-resolution, high-speed successive approximation register (SAR) ADC with a front-end FDA. The article shows how Analog Devices’ ADAQ23875 complete module and its associated development board overcomes high-speed design headaches by simplifying and accelerating the design process while still achieving the required high-resolution, high-speed conversion results.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Reduce buck-converter EMI and voltage
stress by minimizing inductive parasitics
https://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt682/slyt682.pdf?HQS=app-null-null-pwr_pwrbrand_density_pbj_slyt682-asset-mc-ElectronicDesign_density_layer2-wwe&ts=1664427877557&ref_url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.electronicdesign.com%252F
Tomi Engdahl says:
Designing a low EMI power supply
Explore this comprehensive training series to learn more about the fundamentals of EMI, the various technologies that can help reduce emissions and more
https://training.ti.com/designing-low-emi-power-supply?HQS=app-null-null-pwr_pwrbrand_lowemi_pbj_lowemipowersupply-asset-tr-ElectronicDesign_emi_layer1-wwe&DCM=yes&dclid=CMau9Oa4ufoCFdPKmgodcAIMNA
Tomi Engdahl says:
High density, modular testing for CPUs, GPUs, and SoCs
https://www.vicorpower.com/industries-and-innovations/ate/ate-cpus-gpus-and-socs?utm_source=electronicdesign&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=l02_ate_prospecting_global&utm_content=page_ate_cpus_gpus_socs_personifai
Tomi Engdahl says:
Overcoming 3 Key Challenges of Time- and Frequency-Correlated RF Measurements
https://www.tek.com/en/documents/fact-sheet/3-rf-measurement-challenges?utm_source=electronicdesign&utm_medium=paid-email&utm_campaign=tek-performance-
Tomi Engdahl says:
Hall Effect Measurements in Materials Characterization
https://www.tek.com/en/documents/whitepaper/hall-effect-measurements-materials-characterization
Hall effect measurements have been valuable tools for material characterization since Edwin Hall discovered the phenomenon in 1879. Essentially, the Hall effect can be observed when the combination of a magnetic field through a sample and a current along the length of the sample creates an electrical current perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the current, which in turn creates a transverse voltage that is perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the current (see Figure 1). The underlying principle is the Lorentz force, that is,the force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields. The “right hand rule” we all learned in our introductory physics classes allows us to determine the direction of the force on a charge carrier based on its direction of motion and the direction of the applied magnetic field
Tomi Engdahl says:
Measuring Busbar Weld Resistance in Battery Packs
https://www.tek.com/en/documents/application-note/measuring-busbar-weld-resistance-in-battery-packs
Electric vehicles are breaking through into mainstream automotive sales with many governments and companies pledging full electric vehicle conversions in the 2020s. The limiting factor for these vehicles is a strong supply of safe, reliable, and highly efficient battery packs. Battery manufacturers are responsible for ensuring that every battery pack meets these tight standards while keeping volume high to meet increasing demands. Manufacturers must conduct a variety of mechanical and electrical tests that are performed throughout battery construction, using fast and accurate test and measurement solutions. One such solution is the Keithley 3706A System Switch and Multimeter paired with a 2460 or 2461 High Current Source Measure Unit (SMU) to conduct the busbar weld resistance test.
Tomi Engdahl says:
L-Band GaN-on-SiC RF PA Module Delivers 29-dB Gain, 100-W Output
Sept. 27, 2022
This compact and efficient 1-GHz RF power-amplifier module simplifies design of radar systems and other pulsed applications.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/industrial-automation/article/21251553/electronic-design-lband-ganonsic-rf-pa-module-delivers-29db-gain-100w-output?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220922090&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
Designing a Power Tree for an Automotive SoC
Sept. 26, 2022
ADAS and infotainment SoCs offer increasingly higher computing power, which in turn results in higher power demands. This article discusses how to design an optimal power architecture for an automotive SoC, focusing on pre-regulator design.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/whitepaper/21251444/monolithic-power-systems-designing-a-power-tree-for-an-automotive-soc?utm_source=EG+ED+Analog+%26+Power+Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS220922090&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.identpull=omeda|7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
Understanding switched-mode power supplies (SMPS)
https://www.avnet.com/wps/portal/abacus/solutions/technologies/power/the-design-engineers-guide/switched-mode-power-supplies/
Repairing Switching Mode Power Supplies
https://audioxpress.com/article/repairing-switching-mode-power-supplies
Tomi Engdahl says:
Filtering Capacitors for Switch Mode Power Supplies
https://passive-components.eu/4-types-of-capacitor-for-filtering-applications-in-switch-mode-power-supply-systems/
Simon Ndiritu from General Dielectrics explains some basic guidelines for capacitor technology selection in switch mode power supplies.
Could a larger capacitor, at the output of the SMPS, destroy components with larger current draw when its being charged?
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/383325/could-a-larger-capacitor-at-the-output-of-the-smps-destroy-components-with-lar